Standards and certification programmes support the design of energy-efficient buildings during the design, construction and commissioning stages. However, they often only provide performance expectations before occupancy, generating uncertainty over the actual energy consumption of a building when in use. In fact, low- or zero-carbon buildings have been found to consume more energy than what was predicted by the energy performance rating. Now, Jesus Lizana and team at University of Oxford use a post-occupancy evaluation and intervention protocol to analyse the energy usage and patterns of building occupants and assess the effectiveness of energy management and retrofitting interventions.

标准和认证计划支持节能建筑在设计、施工和调试阶段的设计。然而，它们通常只在入住前提供性能预期，从而对建筑物在使用时的实际能耗产生不确定性。事实上，低碳或零碳建筑消耗的能源比能源绩效评级预测的要多。现在，牛津大学的 Jesus Lizana 和团队使用入住后评估和干预协议来分析建筑居住者的能源使用和模式，并评估能源管理和改造干预措施的有效性。