Abstract

In the studies on Prehistoric Graphic Expression, there are recurrent discussions about the tracings generated by different observers of the same motif. Methodological issues concerning the role of archaeological imaging are often implied within those debates. Do the tracings belong to the observational data exposition chapter, or are they part of the interpretative conclusions? How can the current technological scenario help solve these problems? In 2017, we conducted new documentation of the Peña Tu rock shelter, a well-known site with an intriguing post-palaeolithic graphic collection documented on several occasions throughout the twentieth century. Our objective was to provide quantifiable and, if possible, objective documentation of the painted and engraved remnants on the shelter’s surface. To achieve this, we employed two data capture strategies. One strategy focused on analysing the vestiges of paintings using a hyperspectral sensor, while the other centred on the geometric definition of engravings and the rock support, utilising photogrammetric techniques and laser scanning. These approaches presented various parallax challenges. Despite these challenges, our results were highly satisfactory. We resolved uncertainties regarding the formal features of specific designs that had been subject to debate for a long time. Additionally, we discovered previously unpublished areas with traces of paintings. Lastly, we developed a map highlighting recent alterations and deteriorations, providing a valuable tool for assessing the site’s preservation status. In conclusion, by employing advanced technology and comprehensive documentation methods, we significantly contributed to understanding and preserving the prehistoric graphic expressions at the Peña Tu rock shelter.

中文翻译：

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史前图形表达的几何和辐射记录：Peña Tu 的案例（西班牙阿斯图里亚斯）

摘要

在史前图形表达的研究中，关于同一主题的不同观察者所产生的痕迹的讨论不断出现。这些争论中经常隐含着有关考古成像作用的方法论问题。这些描记属于观测数据阐述章节，还是解释性结论的一部分？当前的技术场景如何帮助解决这些问题？2017 年，我们对 Peña Tu 岩石庇护所进行了新的记录，这是一个著名的遗址，在整个二十世纪多次记录了有趣的旧石器时代后图形收藏。我们的目标是提供可量化的、如果可能的话客观的避难所表面绘画和雕刻残留物的记录。为了实现这一目标，我们采用了两种数据捕获策略。一种策略侧重于使用高光谱传感器分析绘画痕迹，而另一种策略则侧重于雕刻和岩石支撑的几何定义，利用摄影测量技术和激光扫描。这些方法提出了各种视差挑战。尽管存在这些挑战，我们的结果仍然非常令人满意。我们解决了长期争论的特定设计的形式特征的不确定性。此外，我们还发现了以前未发表的区域有绘画的痕迹。最后，我们制作了一张地图，突出显示了最近的改变和恶化，为评估该遗址的保护状况提供了一个有价值的工具。总之，通过采用先进技术和全面的文献记录方法，我们为理解和保存佩尼亚图岩石掩体的史前图形表达做出了重大贡献。