: Nurses have a high prevalence of low back pain due to ergonomic hazards in healthcare workplaces. While exercise programs have been suggested as an intervention strategy, the effectiveness of low back pain programs has been inconsistent in the research literature. The purpose of study is to determine the effect of exercise programs to reduce low back pain among nursing staff. : A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted with five databases and systematically searched. Following the PRISMA guidelines, included studies evaluated low back pain relief among nurses or nursing assistants and described the exercise program. Two reviewers independently appraised, extracted, and synthesized all available studies. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022359511). : A total of 296 articles with 1,355 nursing staff from nine countries were obtained. Nine randomized controlled trials with a moderate to low risk of bias quality were included. Exercise programs had a small but significant effect on low back pain of nursing staff (SMD = -0.48; 95% CI = -0.76 to −0.19; p = 0.03, I = 62%, p = 0.001). A subgroup analysis of nurses and nursing assistants showed moderate and small effects, respectively (I = 0% p < 0.0001, SMD −0.73 CI 95% [-0.97 to –0.48], p = 0.76, and I = 0% p = 0.002, SMD −0.23 CI 95% [-0.38 to −0.08], p < 0.88). Exercise for back and trunk exhibited a moderate effect on low back pain (SMD −0.56 CI 95% [-0.86 to −0.25], p = 0.01, I = 66%, p < 0.0004). A subgroup analysis comparing age, under 40 years old revealed a moderate effect size (SMD = -0.59; 95% CI = -0.83to −0.35; p = 0.06; I = 64%, p < 0.0001). : Exercise programs are an effective treatment to reduce low back pain in nurses and nursing assistants, especially among younger staff. : Back and trunk exercise programs should be recommended for nursing staff with low back pain.

中文翻译：

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运动计划对减轻护士和护理助理腰痛的有效性：系统评价和荟萃分析

：由于医疗保健工作场所的人体工程学危害，护士腰痛的患病率很高。虽然锻炼计划被建议作为一种干预策略，但腰痛计划的有效性在研究文献中并不一致。研究的目的是确定锻炼计划对减轻护理人员腰痛的效果。 ：对五个​​数据库进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析并进行了系统检索。遵循 PRISMA 指南，纳入的研究评估了护士或护理助理的腰痛缓解情况，并描述了锻炼计划。两名评审员独立评估、提取和综合所有可用的研究。该研究方案已在 PROSPERO 中注册（CRD42022359511）。 ：共获得9个国家1,355名护理人员的296篇文章。纳入了九项具有中度至低度偏倚风险的随机对照试验。锻炼计划对护理人员的腰痛有微小但显着的影响（SMD = -0.48；95% CI = -0.76 至 -0.19；p = 0.03，I = 62%，p = 0.001）。护士和护理助理的亚组分析分别显示中度和轻微影响（I = 0% p < 0.0001，SMD -0.73 CI 95% [-0.97 至 –0.48]，p = 0.76，I = 0% p = 0.002 ，SMD −0.23 CI 95% [-0.38 至 −0.08]，p < 0.88）。背部和躯干锻炼对腰痛有中等影响（SMD -0.56 CI 95% [-0.86 至 -0.25]，p = 0.01，I = 66%，p < 0.0004）。比较年龄（40 岁以下）的亚组分析显示，效应大小中等（SMD = -0.59；95% CI = -0.83 至 -0.35；p = 0.06；I = 64%，p < 0.0001）。 ：锻炼计划是减少护士和护理助理（尤其是年轻员工）腰痛的有效治疗方法。 ：应向患有腰痛的护理人员推荐背部和躯干锻炼计划。