The latest advancements in Virtual Reality (VR) enable the creation of 3D models within a holographic immersive simulation environment. In this article, we create QuickCSGModeling, a user-friendly mid-air interactive modeling system. We first prepare a dataset consisting of diverse components and precompute the discrete signed distance function (SDF) for each component. During the modeling phase, users can freely design complicated shapes with a pair of VR controllers. Based on the discrete SDF representation, any CSG-like operation (union, intersection, and subtraction) can be performed voxel-wisely. Also, we maintain a single dynamic SDF for the whole scene, whose zero-level set surface exactly encodes the most recent constructed shape. Both SDF fusion and surface extraction are implemented via GPU for a smooth user experience. A total of 34 volunteers were asked to create their favorite models using QuickCSGModeling. With a simple training, most of them can create a fascinating shape or even a descriptive scene quickly. We also discuss how to extend our system to create articulated models with hinges, where an adaptive cube subdivision has to be enforced to improve the reconstruction accuracy around the hinge part, followed by a Dual Contouring-based surface extraction.¹

虚拟现实 (VR) 的最新进展使得能够在全息沉浸式模拟环境中创建 3D 模型。在本文中，我们创建了QuickCSGModeling，一个用户友好的空中交互式建模系统。我们首先准备一个由不同组件组成的数据集，并预先计算每个组件的离散符号距离函数（SDF）。在建模阶段，用户可以通过一对VR控制器自由设计复杂的形状。基于离散 SDF 表示，任何类似 CSG 的操作（并集、交集和减法）都可以以体素方式执行。此外，我们为整个场景维护一个动态 SDF，其零水平集表面精确地编码了最新构造的形状。 SDF 融合和表面提取均通过 GPU 实现，以提供流畅的用户体验。总共 34 名志愿者被要求使用 QuickCSGModeling 创建他们最喜欢的模型。通过简单的训练，他们中的大多数人都可以快速创造出令人着迷的形状甚至描述性的场景。我们还讨论了如何扩展我们的系统以创建带有铰链的铰接模型，其中必须强制执行自适应立方体细分以提高铰链部分周围的重建精度，然后进行基于双轮廓的表面提取。¹