In recent years, nanotechnology has shown promising potential to enhance sustainable agriculture. Besides their use as antifungal and antimicrobial agents, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the most widespread nanomaterials and are found in a capacious range of agrocommercial products. This study was designed to investigate the responses of morphophysiological characteristics in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles. Spherical shapes with 8–20 nm size AgNPs at different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg/L) were applied to barley plants in a hydroponic system. Following 7 days of sowing, the growth performance, chlorophyll contents, oxidative damage, and the activity level of antioxidant enzymes were quantified in different parts of the plant. The results indicated a remarkable boost in the growth performance and chlorophyll contents of barley plants up to a concentration of 150 mg/L. Interestingly, the levels of proline, lipid peroxidation, enzymes; superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), (APX), and (GR) activities were enhanced significantly in response to all AgNPs treatments. In general, the application of AgNPs substantially improved the growth and related morphophysiological attributes in barley. Our results provide new insights with respect to the effects of AgNPs on barley growth and their potential applications in increasing the performance of other crop species.

中文翻译：

---

评估生物合成银纳米颗粒对大麦（Hordeum vulgare L.）形态生理反应的影响

近年来，纳米技术在促进可持续农业方面显示出巨大的潜力。除了用作抗真菌和抗菌剂外，银纳米颗粒 (AgNP) 是最广泛使用的纳米材料，广泛存在于各种农产品中。本研究旨在研究大麦 ( Hordeum vulgare L.) 形态生理特征对生物合成银纳米颗粒的反应。将不同浓度（0、50、100、150、200 和 250 mg/L）的 8-20 nm 大小的球形 AgNP 应用于水培系统中的大麦植物。播种 7 天后，对植物不同部位的生长性能、叶绿素含量、氧化损伤和抗氧化酶的活性水平进行了量化。结果表明，浓度达到 150 mg/L 时，大麦植物的生长性能和叶绿素含量显着提高。有趣的是，脯氨酸、脂质过氧化、酶的水平；超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、过氧化氢酶 (CAT)、(APX) 和 (GR) 活性在所有 AgNP 处理后均显着增强。总的来说，AgNPs 的应用显着改善了大麦的生长和相关的形态生理特性。我们的研究结果为 AgNP 对大麦生长的影响及其在提高其他作物品种性能方面的潜在应用提供了新的见解。