Grape berries often crack near the proximal end, which may be related to water absorption and their cellular anatomical structure. To study the relationship between water absorption, cell anatomical structures, and berry cracking near the proximal end, 49 varieties were selected. Eighteen were prone to cracking near the proximal end, while 31 were resistant. An in vitro soaking experiment on ripe berries measured the difference in berry-cracking degrees among different varieties. In vitro staining was used to trace water absorption and paraffin sections were prepared to observe and analyze the structural parameters of different tissues. Results showed that the cracking rate and water uptake of the crack-prone berries were significantly higher than those of the crack-resistant berries. Fruit prone to cracking was characterized by a thinner cuticle, epidermis, and sub-epidermis. After staining, it was found that dye absorption was limited to the berry near the proximal end. Other cell size parameters may also lead to cracking near the proximal end. By tracing water transport and analyzing differences in cell structure characteristics among varieties, we speculated that the vascular bundle xylem water transport repression and differences in cell anatomical structures may have led to berry cracking near the proximal end. The reasons for berry cracking near the proximal end were preliminarily explained, providing theoretical support for further screening of crack-resistant varieties.

葡萄浆果经常在近端附近破裂，这可能与吸水性及其细胞解剖结构有关。为了研究吸水率、细胞解剖结构和浆果近端开裂之间的关系，选择了 49 个品种。18 种在近端附近容易破裂，而 31 种具有抵抗力。对成熟浆果进行的体外浸泡实验测量了不同品种浆果破裂程度的差异。采用体外染色追踪吸水率，并制备石蜡切片观察和分析不同组织的结构参数。结果表明，易裂浆果的裂裂率和吸水率均显着高于抗裂浆果。易裂果的特点是角质层、表皮和表皮下层较薄。染色后发现，染料吸收仅限于近端附近的浆果。其他单元尺寸参数也可能导致近端附近破裂。通过追踪水传输并分析品种间细胞结构特征的差异，我们推测维管束木质部水传输抑制和细胞解剖结构的差异可能导致浆果近端附近的破裂。初步解释了浆果近端开裂的原因，为进一步筛选抗裂品种提供理论支持。