The impact of air pollution on individuals’ happiness and life satisfaction (LS), and its relationship to other factors became the focus of recent research. Though, the underlying mechanism of how air pollution impacts LS remains unclear. In this study, we examined the direct and indirect effect of air pollution on individuals’ LS through health mediation. We used longitudinal individual-level data from “Understanding-Society: the UK Household-Longitudinal Study” on 59,492 individuals with 347,377 repeated responses across 11 years (2009–2019) that was linked to yearly concentrations of NO₂, SO₂, and particulate-matter (PM10, PM2.5) pollution. Generalized structural equation models with multilevel ordered-logistic regression were used to examine the direct effect of air pollution on LS and the indirect effect from health impairment. Higher concentrations of NO₂ (coefficient = 0.009, 95%CI = 0.007,0.012, p < 0.001), SO₂ (coefficient = 0.025, 95%CI = 0.017,0.034, p < 0.001), PM10 (coefficient = 0.019, 95%CI = 0.013,0.025, p < 0.001), and PM2.5 (coefficient = 0.025, 95%CI = 0.017,0.033, p < 0.001) pollutants were associated with poorer health, while poorer health was associated with reduced LS (coefficient = -0.605, 95%CI = -0.614,-0.595, p < 0.001). Mediation path analysis showed that air pollution impacted individuals’ LS directly and indirectly. The percent of total effect mediated through health was 44.03% for NO₂, 73.95% for SO_2, 49.88% for PM10, and 45.42% for PM2.5 and the ratio of indirect to direct effect was 0.79 for NO₂, 2.84 for SO_2, 0.99 for PM10, and 0.83 for PM2.5. Health plays a major mediating role in the relationship between air pollution and LS. To alleviate the impact of air pollution on LS, future strategies should focus on health promotion besides reducing air pollution emissions.

空气污染对个人幸福感和生活满意度（LS）的影响及其与其他因素的关系成为近期研究的焦点。然而，空气污染如何影响 LS 的根本机制仍不清楚。在这项研究中，我们通过健康中介研究了空气污染对个人LS的直接和间接影响。我们使用了“理解社会：英国家庭纵向研究”中的纵向个人水平数据，该数据对 59,492 名个人进行了 11 年（2009-2019 年）的 347,377 次重复反应，这些反应与 NO 2 _、 SO ₂和颗粒物的年浓度相关-物质（PM10、PM2.5）污染。采用多级有序逻辑回归的广义结构方程模型来检验空气污染对 LS 的直接影响以及健康损害的间接影响。较高浓度的 NO ₂ (系数 = 0.009, 95%CI = 0.007,0.012, p  < 0.001)、SO ₂ (系数 = 0.025, 95%CI = 0.017,0.034, p  < 0.001)、PM10 (系数 = 0.019, 95 %CI = 0.013,0.025, p  < 0.001) 和 PM2.5（系数 = 0.025, 95%CI = 0.017,0.033, p  < 0.001）污染物与较差的健康状况相关，而较差的健康状况与 LS（系数）降低相关= -0.605，95%CI = -0.614，-0.595，p  < 0.001）。中介路径分析表明，空气污染直接和间接影响个体的LS。健康介导的总影响百分比为NO ₂ 44.03% 、SO _{2 73.95%、} PM10 49.88%、PM2.5 45.42%，间接与直接影响之比为NO ₂ 0.79 、SO 2.84 _2、 PM10 为 0.99，PM2.5 为 0.83。健康在空气污染与LS的关系中起主要中介作用。为了减轻空气污染对LS的影响，未来的策略除了减少空气污染排放外，还应注重健康促进。