Stem cell therapy and skin substitutes address the stalled healing of chronic wounds in order to promote wound closure; however, the high cost and regulatory hurdles of these treatments limit patient access. A low-cost method to induce bioactive healing has the potential to substantially improve patient care and prevent wound-induced limb loss. A previous study reported that bioactive factors derived from apoptotic-like mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) demonstrated anti-inflammatory and proangiogenic effects and improved ischemic muscle regeneration. In this work, these MSC-derived bioactive factors were loaded into a hydrogel foam to harness immunomodulatory and angiogenic properties from MSC components to facilitate chronic wound healing without the high cost and translational challenges of cell therapies. After incorporation of bioactive factors, the hydrogel foam retained high absorbency, moisture retention, and target water vapor transmission rate. High loading efficiency was confirmed and release studies indicated that over 90% of loaded factors were released within 24 h. Ethylene oxide sterilization and 4-week storage did not affect the bioactive factor release profile or physical properties of the hydrogel foam dressing. Bioactivity retention of the released factors was also confirmed for as-sterilized, 4°C-stored, and −20°C-stored bioactive hydrogel foams as determined by relevant gene expression levels in treated pro-inflammatory (M1) macrophages. These results support the use of the bioactive dressings as an off-the-shelf product. Overall, this work reports a new method to achieve a first-line wound dressing with the potential to reduce persistent inflammation and promote angiogenesis in chronic wounds.

中文翻译：

---

具有间充质干细胞血管生成和免疫调节因子的水凝胶泡沫敷料

干细胞疗法和皮肤替代品可解决慢性伤口愈合停滞的问题，以促进伤口闭合；然而，这些治疗的高成本和监管障碍限制了患者的使用。一种诱导生物活性愈合的低成本方法有可能显着改善患者护理并防止伤口引起的肢体丧失。先前的一项研究报告称，源自凋亡样间充质干细胞（MSC）的生物活性因子表现出抗炎和促血管生成作用，并改善缺血性肌肉再生。在这项工作中，这些 MSC 衍生的生物活性因子被加载到水凝胶泡沫中，以利用 MSC 成分的免疫调节和血管生成特性，促进慢性伤口愈合，而无需细胞疗法的高成本和转化挑战。加入生物活性因子后，水凝胶泡沫保留了高吸收性、保湿性和目标水蒸气透过率。证实了高装载效率，释放研究表明超过 90% 的装载因子在 24 小时内释放。环氧乙烷灭菌和 4 周储存不会影响水凝胶泡沫敷料的生物活性因子释放曲线或物理性质。通过处理的促炎 (M1) 巨噬细胞中的相关基因表达水平测定，灭菌后、4°C 储存和 -20°C 储存的生物活性水凝胶泡沫也证实了释放因子的生物活性保留。这些结果支持生物活性敷料作为现成产品的使用。总的来说，这项工作报告了一种实现一线伤口敷料的新方法，有可能减少慢性伤口的持续炎症并促进血管生成。