Undesirable changes in surface water and groundwater resources and land quality for biophysical and institutional reasons will further endanger the livelihoods of people in Central Asia. The farmers' understanding of these problems and the adaptation and solution strategies they opt for are the critical variables in devising relevant policies. Our findings captured significant disparities between farmer-perceived water shortages and officially documented water availability, as well as soil salinity discrepancies. Farmers' coping strategies, including crop alterations and water-saving measures, often lead to trade-offs, such as reduced crop yields. The study highlights the need to consider farmer perceptions and practices along with official data when designing policies. Effective policymaking must consider this dynamic interplay and the multifaceted challenges faced by farmers in these vulnerable Aral Sea regions.

中文翻译：

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前线农民：咸海卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦和花拉子模地区的看法、做法和差异

由于生物物理和体制原因，地表水和地下水资源以及土地质量的不良变化将进一步危及中亚人民的生计。农民对这些问题的理解以及他们选择的适应和解决策略是制定相关政策的关键变量。我们的研究结果发现了农民感知的水资源短缺与官方记录的可用水量以及土壤盐度差异之间的显着差异。农民的应对策略，包括作物改变和节水措施，往往会导致权衡，例如作物产量下降。该研究强调，在设计政策时需要考虑农民的看法和做法以及官方数据。有效的决策必须考虑这种动态相互作用以及这些脆弱咸海地区农民面临的多方面挑战。