Introduction

Stroke is the sudden onset of a reduced cerebral perfusion-related localized or widespread neurologic impairment. The two main causes of poor treatment outcomes are uncontrolled blood pressure and hospital arrival delays. Identifying the risk factors, types of stroke presentation, and treatment options might be used in the prevention, early detection, and management of stroke to provide the best care to patients.

Objective

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the treatment outcomes, types, and risk factors of stroke patients in Ethiopia.

Methods

A variety of databases were searched, including African Journals Online (AJOL), Google Scholar, Scopus, EMBASE (Ovid), and HINARI, and published and unpublished articles from the Ethiopian Universities repository. To pool the outcome variables, a weighted inverse variance random-effects model at 95% Cl was employed. Heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed using Cochrane I² statistics and Egger's test with funnel plot, respectively. A subgroup analysis was conducted based on sample size, case definition, and region to detect source of heterogeneity.

Result

This study contained data from 26 studies, involving 6291 study participants, from different regions of Ethiopia. Out of 19 articles with I² = 96.1%, p<0.001, the pooled prevalence of improved stroke treatment outcome was 47.50% (95% CI: 40.20–54.80), while the prevalence of mortality was 18.95% (95% CI: 15.62–22.29) from 19 articles with I² = 87.9%, p<0.001. In Ethiopia, ischemic stroke accounted for 59.34% of all stroke cases (95% CI: 53.73-64.95). Among risk factors, substance abuse ranked second at 36.58% (95% CI: 25.22–47.93), after hypertension at 50.90% (95% CI: 43.77–56.27). According to the findings, hemiparalysis or hemiplegia was mentioned as a frequent clinical sign associated with stroke (56.87%) (95% CI: 45.65–68.06).

Conclusion

The improved treatment outcome was not satisfactory, and the most common type of stroke was an ischemic stroke. Hypertension was the most common risk factor, followed by substance use. As a result, there should be a strengthening of post-stroke care and the creation of awareness about the risk factors and clinical manifestations for prevention and early detection of stroke in Ethiopian people.

中文翻译：

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埃塞俄比亚入院脑卒中患者的治疗结果、类型、危险因素和常见表现：系统评价和荟萃分析

介绍

中风是脑灌注减少相关的局部或广泛神经功能障碍的突然发作。治疗结果不佳的两个主要原因是血压不受控制和到达医院延误。确定危险因素、中风表现类型和治疗方案可用于预防、早期发现和管理中风，从而为患者提供最佳护理。

客观的

这项系统评价和荟萃分析旨在评估埃塞俄比亚中风患者的治疗结果、类型和危险因素。

方法

检索了各种数据库，包括非洲期刊在线 (AJOL)、Google Scholar、Scopus、EMBASE (Ovid) 和 HINARI，以及埃塞俄比亚大学存储库中已发表和未发表的文章。为了汇集结果变量，采用了 95% CI 的加权逆方差随机效应模型。^{分别使用 Cochrane I 2}统计数据和带漏斗图的 Egger 检验来评估异质性和发表偏倚。根据样本量、病例定义和区域进行亚组分析，以检测异质性来源。

结果

这项研究包含 26 项研究的数据，涉及来自埃塞俄比亚不同地区的 6291 名研究参与者。^{在 I 2} = 96.1%（p<0.001）的 19 篇文章中 ，中风治疗结果改善的汇总患病率为 47.50%（95% CI：40.20–54.80），而死亡率的患病率为 18.95%（95% CI：15.62） –22.29) 来自 19 篇文章，I ²  = 87.9%，p<0.001。在埃塞俄比亚，缺血性卒中占所有卒中病例的 59.34%（95% CI：53.73-64.95）。在危险因素中，药物滥用位居第二，为 36.58%（95% CI：25.22-47.93），仅次于高血压，为 50.90%（95% CI：43.77-56.27）。根据研究结果，偏瘫或偏瘫被认为是与中风相关的常见临床症状 (56.87%) (95% CI: 45.65–68.06)。

结论

改善的治疗结果并不令人满意，最常见的中风类型是缺血性中风。高血压是最常见的危险因素，其次是药物滥用。因此，应加强中风后护理，提高对埃塞俄比亚人中风的危险因素和临床表现的认识，以预防和早期发现中风。