Abstract

The term ‘co-production’ has been used in various fields, including planning, as collaborative forms of public goods and service delivery gain significance. Co-production has two sides—the ‘co’ side refers to actors and their motivations, while the ‘production’ side refers to phases and instruments. This paper examines privately owned public space/s (POPS) based on the two sides of co-production. Thereby, it addresses two research gaps. First, less has been written to date on the involvement of actors other than local authorities and developers. Second, little attention has been paid to the phase through which POPS are co-produced. The paper fills these research gaps by presenting the empirical work undertaken in HafenCity, Hamburg. It reveals a wide range of actors engaged in four different phases through various instruments. This paper also identifies challenges of co-production of POPS, and makes recommendations.

中文翻译：

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私有公共空间的共同生产：谁、为什么、何时以及如何？

摘要

随着公共产品和服务提供的协作形式变得越来越重要，“共同生产”一词已被用于包括规划在内的各个领域。联合制作有两个方面——“联合”方面是指演员及其动机，而“制作”方面是指阶段和工具。本文基于联合生产的两个方面探讨了私有公共空间（POPS）。因此，它解决了两个研究空白。首先，迄今为止，关于地方当局和开发商以外的参与者参与的文章较少。其次，POPS 联合生产的阶段很少受到关注。本文通过介绍在汉堡港口新城开展的实证工作来填补这些研究空白。它揭示了通过各种乐器参与四个不同阶段的广泛演员。本文还指出了共同生产持久性有机污染物的挑战，并提出了建议。