The slip duration in a fault plane, also known as the rise time (⁠Tr⁠), is determined in finite‐fault rupture models (FFRMs) through the analysis of seismic source inversions using strong ground‐motion (SGM) records and teleseismic data. For subduction interface earthquakes (megathrust), models exist that provide estimates for Tr values. The finite‐source rupture model database and National Earthquake Information Center databases include FFRMs that allow for the extension of source‐scaling relations. Currently, Tr versus seismic moment (⁠M0⁠) scaling relations specifically derived for large megathrust earthquakes in the near‐source region are scarce. The relationship between stress drop and M0 is not straightforward; therefore, the logarithmic distribution of stress drop among earthquakes of different magnitudes (⁠Mw⁠) appears to be constant or self‐similar. This self‐similarity refers to a symmetry of the time‐dependent fields, which remain unchanged under certain scale transformations in space and time characterized by similarity exponents and a function of the scaled variable, called the scaling function. In this study, Tr scaling has been conducted using 45 FFRMs derived from large megathrust earthquakes (⁠Mw≥7.3⁠) obtained from the previously mentioned databases. The scaling relation derived from the FFRMs based on SGM records closely approximates log(Tr)=const+1/3log(M0)⁠, which agrees with the self‐similarity assumption for earthquake ruptures. On the other hand, the scaling relation obtained from the teleseismic dataset exhibits a smaller slope, indicating that the teleseismic data may overestimate source time characteristics compared with SGM data from seismic stations located close to the source.

中文翻译：

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俯冲界面地震上升-时间尺度关系

断层面上的滑移持续时间，也称为上升时间 (Tr⁠)，是通过使用强地震动 (SGM) 记录和远震数据分析震源反演，在有限断层破裂模型 (FFRM) 中确定的。对于俯冲界面地震（巨型逆冲断层），存在提供 Tr 值估计值的模型。有限源破裂模型数据库和国家地震信息中心数据库包括允许扩展源尺度关系的 FFRM。目前，专门针对近震源区大型逆冲地震导出的 Tr 与地震矩 (⁠M0⁠) 的标度关系还很少。应力降和 M0 之间的关系并不简单；因此，不同震级（⁠Mw⁠）的地震之间应力降的对数分布似乎是恒定的或自相似的。这种自相似性是指时间相关场的对称性，在空间和时间的某些尺度变换下保持不变，其特征在于相似指数和缩放变量的函数（称为缩放函数）。在本研究中，使用从前面提到的数据库获得的大型巨型逆冲地震（⁠Mw≥7.3⁠）衍生的 45 个 FFRM 进行了 Tr 缩放。基于 SGM 记录的 FFRM 导出的标度关系非常接近 log(Tr)=const+1/3log(M0)⁠，这与地震破裂的自相似假设一致。另一方面，从远震数据集获得的标度关系表现出较小的斜率，表明与来自靠近震源的地震台站的SGM数据相比，远震数据可能高估了震源时间特征。