This review discusses the landscape of personalized prevention and management of obesity from a nutrigenetics perspective. Focusing on macronutrient tailoring, we discuss the impact of genetic variation on responses to carbohydrate, lipid, protein, and fiber consumption. Our bioinformatic analysis of genomic variants guiding macronutrient intake revealed enrichment of pathways associated with circadian rhythm, melatonin metabolism, cholesterol and lipoprotein remodeling and PPAR signaling as potential targets of macronutrients for the management of obesity in relevant genetic backgrounds. Notably, our data-based in silico predictions suggest the potential of repurposing the SYK inhibitor fostamatinib for obesity treatment in relevant genetic profiles. In addition to dietary considerations, we address genetic variations guiding lifestyle changes in weight management, including exercise and chrononutrition. Finally, we emphasize the need for a refined understanding and expanded research into the complex genetic landscape underlying obesity and its management.

中文翻译：

---

肥胖个性化预防和管理的基因组学视角

这篇综述从营养遗传学的角度讨论了肥胖的个性化预防和管理的前景。我们重点关注常量营养素的调整，讨论遗传变异对碳水化合物、脂质、蛋白质和纤维消耗反应的影响。我们对指导大量营养素摄入的基因组变异进行的生物信息分析揭示了与昼夜节律、褪黑激素代谢、胆固醇和脂蛋白重塑以及 PPAR 信号传导相关的通路的富集，作为相关遗传背景下管理肥胖的大量营养素的潜在目标。值得注意的是，我们基于数据的计算机预测表明，在相关基因谱中重新利用 SYK 抑制剂 fostamatinib 用于肥胖治疗的潜力。除了饮食考虑之外，我们还解决指导体重管理生活方式改变的遗传变异，包括运动和计时营养。最后，我们强调需要对肥胖及其管理背后的复杂遗传景观有深入的了解和扩大的研究。