The Apiaceae family is among the most significant plant families because it contains both beneficial and poisonous plants. Due to their morphological similarity, these harmless and lethal species are frequently confounded. Cumin, fennel, and anise are the most prevalent members of the family Apiaceae in Egypt. Members of this family are routinely used as medical surrogates, so it is crucial that they are correctly identified and distinguished. DNA barcoding is a molecular technique used for identifying species and reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Six plants from this family were chosen for this study due to their medicinal importance, and four DNA barcoding loci (rbcL, matK, trnH-psaA, and ITS) were used to identify them. The amplicons were sequenced, and the comparative analysis was conducted between the sequences evaluated and the most significant Blast results. The DNA rbcL, trnH-psaA, and ITS barcodes exhibited similar amplicons among the six species of Apiaceae, while the trnH-psaA barcode exhibited different amplicons among the Apiaceae. Maximum likelihood approach was used to calculate the genetic distance between the sex species of Apiaceae. The most significant findings were that the one from four DNA barcoding was able to distinguish between distinct species and confirm their evolutionary belonging to this family. The current study concludes that trnH-psbA and ITS DNA identifiers can be used to accurately identify, differentiate, and record Apiaceae species, while the rbcl DNA barcode appears to have fallen short of its intended purpose. So, the data that come from DNA barcodes could be used for the biodiversity assessment and the similarities between hazardous and commercial plants to resolve some of these deficiencies.

中文翻译：

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比较四个 DNA 条形码位点以区分一些伞形科物种

伞形科是最重要的植物科之一，因为它既包含有益植物，也包含有毒植物。由于形态相似，这些无害和致命的物种经常被混淆。小茴香、茴香和茴香是埃及最常见的伞形科植物。这个家庭的成员通常被用作医疗代理人，因此正确识别和区分他们至关重要。DNA 条形码是一种用于识别物种和重建系统发育树的分子技术。由于其药用重要性，本研究选择了该科的六种植物，并使用四个 DNA 条形码位点（rbcL、matK、trnH-psaA 和 ITS）来识别它们。对扩增子进行测序，并对评估的序列和最显着的 Blast 结果进行比较分析。DNA rbcL、trnH-psaA 和 ITS 条形码在六种伞形科植物中表现出相似的扩增子，而 trnH-psaA 条形码在伞形科植物中表现出不同的扩增子。采用极大似然法计算伞形科植物性别物种之间的遗传距离。最重要的发现是四种 DNA 条形码中的一种能够区分不同的物种并确认它们属于该家族的进化。目前的研究得出的结论是，trnH-psbA和ITS DNA标识符可用于准确识别、区分和记录伞形科物种，而rbcl DNA条形码似乎没有达到其预期目的。因此，来自 DNA 条形码的数据可用于生物多样性评估以及危险植物和商业植物之间的相似性，以解决其中一些缺陷。