Background

Identifying reliable biomarkers for early detection and prediction of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is crucial for optimal patient care. This study set out to investigate the potential of YWHAG as a diagnostic biomarker for cognitive impairment in PD.

Methods

We enrolled a total of 331 PD patients and selected 241 patients that met the criteria for cognitive impairment analysis. The patients were classified into three groups: PD-NC: PD patients with normal cognition, PD-MCI: PD patients with mild cognitive impairment, and PD-D: PD patients with dementia. ELISA was employed to assess YWHAG expression, as well as the neurofilament light chain (NfL). Additionally, cognitive impairment was evaluated using MoCA scores. Correlation analysis and receiver operating curve analysis (ROC) were performed to clarify the relationship between YWHAG expression and cognitive impairment.

Results

Our findings revealed a significant upregulation of YWHAG expression in both the PD-MCI and PD-D groups compared to the PD-NC group. This observation aligned with the elevated expression of NfL in the PD-MCI and PD-D groups. YWHAG and NfL expression levels displayed negative correlations with MoCA scores and positive associations with age. Furthermore, ROC curve analysis demonstrated the diagnostic efficacy of YWHAG expression in distinguishing individuals with PD-NC, PD-MCI, and PD-D.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that YWHAG could serve as a promising biomarker for cognitive impairment in PD. The upregulation of YWHAG expression in PD-MCI and PD-D groups, its association with cognitive impairment, and its correlations with MoCA scores and NfL levels support its potential clinical utility.

中文翻译：

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血清 YWHAG 水平作为帕金森病患者认知障碍的诊断标志物

背景

识别可靠的生物标志物以早期检测和预测帕金森病 (PD) 认知障碍对于最佳患者护理至关重要。本研究旨在探讨 YWHAG 作为 PD 认知障碍诊断生物标志物的潜力。

方法

我们总共入组了 331 名 PD 患者，并选择了 241 名符合认知障碍分析标准的患者。将患者分为三组：PD-NC：认知正常的PD患者，PD-MCI：轻度认知障碍的PD患者，PD-D：痴呆的PD患者。采用 ELISA 评估 YWHAG 表达以及神经丝轻链 (NfL)。此外，使用 MoCA 评分评估认知障碍。进行相关分析和受试者工作曲线分析（ROC）以阐明YWHAG表达与认知障碍之间的关系。

结果

我们的研究结果显示，与 PD-NC 组相比，PD-MCI 和 PD-D 组中 YWHAG 表达显着上调。这一观察结果与 PD-MCI 和 PD-D 组中 NfL 表达升高一致。YWHAG 和 NfL 表达水平与 MoCA 评分呈负相关，与年龄呈正相关。此外，ROC 曲线分析证明了 YWHAG 表达在区分 PD-NC、PD-MCI 和 PD-D 个体方面的诊断功效。

结论

我们的研究结果表明，YWHAG 可以作为 PD 认知障碍的有前景的生物标志物。PD-MCI 和 PD-D 组中 YWHAG 表达的上调、其与认知障碍的关联及其与 MoCA 评分和 NfL 水平的相关性支持其潜在的临床实用性。