This study examined the extent to which neural activity during memory encoding demonstrates material-commonness or material-specificity. A meta-analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies was conducted to compare the brain regions associated with subsequent memory effects for word and scene stimuli. The main results were as follows. First, significant subsequent memory effects for both words and scenes were primarily observed within the dorsal attention network. This finding aligns with the perspective that temporal fluctuations in attention modulate the intensity of encoding activity, influencing the success and failure of encoding. Second, multiple prefrontal cortex regions, particularly the left inferior frontal cortex, exhibited stronger subsequent memory effects for words compared to scenes. Conversely, multiple visual processing regions revealed an opposite pattern, with heightened subsequent memory effects for scenes relative to words. These findings suggest that words are more strongly encoded through semantic processing, whereas scenes are primarily encoded through visuo-perceptual processing. In conclusion, these results clarify the material specificity and commonness of encoding-related neural activity, emphasizing the significant role of attention and the distinctions between verbal and pictorial information.

中文翻译：

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单词和场景编码过程中常见材料和特定材料的神经活动：神经影像荟萃分析

这项研究检查了记忆编码过程中神经活动在多大程度上表现出材料的共性或材料的特异性。对功能磁共振成像研究进行荟萃分析，以比较与单词和场景刺激的后续记忆效应相关的大脑区域。主要结果如下。首先，主要在背侧注意网络中观察到对单词和场景的显着后续记忆效应。这一发现与注意力的时间波动调节编码活动的强度、影响编码的成功和失败的观点相一致。其次，多个前额叶皮层区域，特别是左下额叶皮层，与场景相比，对单词表现出更强的后续记忆效应。相反，多个视觉处理区域显示出相反的模式，与单词相关的场景的后续记忆效应增强。这些发现表明，单词通过语义处理进行更强烈的编码，而场景主要通过视觉感知处理进行编码。总之，这些结果阐明了编码相关神经活动的物质特异性和共性，强调了注意力的重要作用以及言语和图像信息之间的区别。