Recent developments in neuroimaging have improved our understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying schizophrenia. However, neuroimaging findings in treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) remain unclear. In the present study, we aimed to explore potential neuroanatomical regions that may be associated with treatment resistance in schizophrenia patients by comparing neuroanatomical regions of TRS and non-TRS patients using the MRICloud method. A total of 33 schizophrenia patients (meeting DSM 5 diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia) were included in the study. Patients were dichotomized into TRS (n=18) and non-TRS (n=15) groups, and all patients underwent MRI. Neuroanatomical regions of TRS and non-TRS patients were compared using the MRICloud method. Disease severity was measured using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Interestingly, a statistically significant greater left Corpus Collosum (CC) thickness was found in TRS patients compared to non-TRS patients. It is clear that further studies comparing TRS patients with non-TRS patients are needed, and these studies should focus on the circuits in the corpus callosum that are thought to play a role in treatment resistance. Further longitudinal studies are also needed to complement the cross-sectional studies, using a multimodal imaging approach in the patients with clearly defined TRS criteria.

神经影像学的最新发展提高了我们对精神分裂症生物学机制的理解。然而，难治性精神分裂症（TRS）的神经影像学结果仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们旨在通过使用 MRICloud 方法比较 TRS 和非 TRS 患者的神经解剖区域，探索可能与精神分裂症患者治疗抵抗相关的潜在神经解剖区域。该研究总共纳入了 33 名精神分裂症患者（符合 DSM 5 精神分裂症诊断标准）。患者被分为TRS组（n=18）和非TRS组（n=15），所有患者均接受MRI检查。使用 MRICloud 方法比较 TRS 和非 TRS 患者的神经解剖区域。使用阳性和阴性综合症量表（PANSS）来测量疾病的严重程度。有趣的是，与非 TRS 患者相比，TRS 患者的左胴体 (CC) 厚度具有统计学意义。显然，需要进一步研究比较 TRS 患者与非 TRS 患者，这些研究应重点关注胼胝体中被认为在治疗抵抗中发挥作用的回路。还需要进一步的纵向研究来补充横断面研究，对具有明确 TRS 标准的患者使用多模态成像方法。