To assess the potential of Korean wild Chrysanthemum flowers as cosmetic ingredients, this study evaluated the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and skin-whitening activities of extracts from Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. latilobum, C. zawadskii var. lucidum, C. zawadskii var. yezoense, and C. makinoi. Subsequently, HPLC analyses were conducted to characterize the phenolic compound contents of these extracts. The Korean wild Chrysanthemum flowers exhibited strong antioxidant properties, as evidenced by in vitro radical scavenging activity assays. They also exhibited skin-whitening activity by inhibiting melanin contents in α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced B16F10 cells. Notably, C. zawadskii var. lucidum displayed higher antioxidant activity due to its elevated flavonoid content and potent radical scavenging activity compared to other wild Chrysanthemum flowers. Furthermore, C. makinoi exhibited strong in vitro tyrosinase inhibitory activity and reduced melanin contents in comparison to the other wild Chrysanthemum flowers. Our findings also confirmed the antimicrobial activity of the wild Chrysanthemum flower extracts against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans. Additionally, our HPLC analyses revealed that C. zawadskii var. lucidum had significantly higher contents of chlorogenic acid, linarin, 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, and 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid. Therefore, Korean wild Chrysanthemum flowers hold promise as functional cosmetic ingredients due to their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and skin-whitening effects, as well as their elevated levels of phenolic compounds.

为了评估韩国野菊花作为化妆品成分的潜力，本研究评估了韩国野菊花提取物的抗氧化、抗菌和美白活性。阔叶木, C. zawadskii var. 灵芝, C. zawadskii var. 条斑藻和C. makinoi。随后，进行 HPLC 分析来表征这些提取物的酚类化合物含量。体外自由基清除活性测定证明，韩国野生菊花表现出很强的抗氧化特性。它们还通过抑制 α-黑素细胞刺激激素诱导的 B16F10 细胞中的黑色素含量来表现出皮肤美白活性。值得注意的是，C. zawadskii var。与其他野生菊花相比，灵芝由于类黄酮含量较高和有效的自由基清除活性而表现出更高的抗氧化活性。此外，与其他野生菊花相比，C. makinoi表现出很强的体外酪氨酸酶抑制活性并降低了黑色素含量。我们的研究结果还证实了野生菊花提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌和白色念珠菌的抗菌活性。此外，我们的 HPLC 分析表明 C. zawadskii var. 灵芝中绿原酸、亚麻苷、3,5-二-O-咖啡酰奎尼酸、4,5-二-O-咖啡酰奎尼酸的含量显着较高。因此，韩国野菊花因其抗氧化、抗菌、美白功效以及较高水平的酚类化合物而有望成为功能性化妆品成分。