During female adolescence and pregnancy, rising levels of hormones result in a cyclic source of signals that control the development of mammary tissue. While such alterations are well understood from a whole-gland perspective, the alterations that such hormones bring to organoid cultures derived from mammary glands have yet to be fully mapped. This is of special importance given that organoids are considered suitable systems to understand cross species breast development. Here we utilized single-cell transcriptional profiling to delineate responses of murine and human normal breast organoid systems to female hormones across evolutionary distinct species. Collectively, our study represents a molecular atlas of epithelial dynamics in response to estrogen and pregnancy hormones.

在女性青春期和怀孕期间，激素水平升高导致控制乳腺组织发育的循环信号源。虽然从整个腺体的角度可以很好地理解这种改变，但这种激素给乳腺类器官培养物带来的改变尚未完全绘制出来。鉴于类器官被认为是了解跨物种乳房发育的合适系统，这一点特别重要。在这里，我们利用单细胞转录谱来描述小鼠和人类正常乳腺类器官系统对进化不同物种中雌性激素的反应。总的来说，我们的研究代表了雌激素和妊娠激素响应的上皮动力学分子图谱。