From the Pueblo I to the Late Pueblo III periods (725–1280 CE), in the Mesa Verde and McElmo Dome regions of the American Southwest, turkey use continuously increased, then declined during the final period of widespread residential occupation in the region. Increasing aridity in the Late PIII period may have limited agricultural productivity, and consequently, the ability to provision turkeys. In this paper, we use C, Sr, and O isotope analyses of turkey bone (n = 95) from archaeological contexts to investigate whether the turkey diets and the locations where they were raised changed over time as a consequence of demographic and social changes in the region. Our results show that almost all turkeys were raised by Puebloan maize farmers in or in the vicinity of the McElmo Dome region and fed a C₄-based diet, presumably dominated by maize, during the whole period under study. However, it seems that they were fed less maize during the late thirteenth century. Perhaps facing lower yield harvests, maize was prioritized for human consumption, which resulted in less intensified turkey production efforts and reduced investment in maize-provisioned flocks. Our results also attest to the occasional use of local (likely wild) turkeys not provisioned with maize, and one wild turkey brought in from a more distant area.

从普韦布洛一世到普韦布洛三世晚期（公元 725-1280 年），在美国西南部的梅萨维德和麦克埃尔莫圆顶地区，火鸡的使用不断增加，然后在该地区广泛居住的最后时期下降。PIII 后期日益干旱可能限制了农业生产力，从而限制了供应火鸡的能力。在本文中，我们利用考古环境中的火鸡骨 ( n  = 95) 的 C、Sr 和 O 同位素分析来调查火鸡饮食及其饲养地点是否因人口和社会变化而随着时间的推移而发生变化。该区域。我们的结果表明，几乎所有火鸡都是由 McElmo Dome 地区或附近的普韦布洛玉米农民饲养的，在整个研究期间饲喂以 C _{4为主的饮食，大概以玉米为主。}然而，在十三世纪后期，他们吃的玉米似乎减少了。也许是由于产量下降，玉米被优先用于人类消费，这导致火鸡生产强度减弱，并减少了对玉米供应鸡群的投资。我们的结果还证明，偶尔使用不提供玉米的当地（可能是野生）火鸡，以及从更远的地区引进的一只野生火鸡。