The left side anterior retroperitoneal approach is preferred for the management of lumbosacral spine disorders as there is reduced risk for vascular injury. The presence of multiple and uncommon venous variations on either side of the spine, like the bilateral duplicated inferior vena cava (DIVC), may complicate surgery in this region. The current study describes two rare cases of bilateral duplicated inferior vena cava associated with internal iliac and gonadal veins. The cases were identified during routine human dissections of the posterior abdominal wall of 89 (45 males, 44 females) individuals. The course, relations and morphometry of each duplicated inferior vena cava were examined and recorded. Two (2.2%) of the 89 (1 male, 1 female) dissected individuals showed the presence of bilateral duplicated infrarenal segments of the inferior vena cava. In both cases, the pre-aortic trunk (vein) was the largest and the left inferior vena cava was the smallest. Both cases of bilateral DIVC presented with anomalous interiliac communicating veins, internal iliac veins, and drainage sites of the left gonadal veins. The duplicated inferior vena cava may present with associated venous anomalies like those related to the gonadal and internal iliac veins. Knowledge of the duplicated inferior vena cava and its associated venous anomalies may be essential for accurately identifying and diagnosing vascular dysfunction and improving radiological interpretation across multiple surgical specialities.

中文翻译：

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与异常的髂内静脉和性腺静脉相关的双侧重复下腔静脉：基于病例的叙述回顾

左侧前腹膜后入路是治疗腰骶椎疾病的首选方法，因为可以降低血管损伤的风险。脊柱两侧存在多个不常见的静脉变异，例如双侧重复下腔静脉 (DIVC)，可能会使该区域的手术复杂化。目前的研究描述了两例罕见的双侧重复下腔静脉与髂内静脉和性腺静脉相关的病例。这些病例是在对 89 名个体（45 名男性，44 名女性）的后腹壁进行常规人体解剖时发现的。检查并记录每个复制的下腔静脉的走行、关系和形态测量。 89 名（1 名男性，1 名女性）解剖个体中的 2 名（2.2%）显示存在双侧重复的下腔静脉肾下段。在这两种情况下，前主动脉干（静脉）最大，左下腔静脉最小。两例双侧 DIVC 均表现为髂间交通静脉、髂内静脉和左侧性腺静脉引流部位异常。重复的下腔静脉可能伴有相关的静脉异常，例如与性腺和髂内静脉相关的异常。了解重复的下腔静脉及其相关静脉异常对于准确识别和诊断血管功能障碍以及改善多个外科专业的放射学解释可能至关重要。