The underlying mechanisms of information processing for two basic motion types, rotation and flicker, are not fully understood. Rotational and flickering animations at four speeds - 7 frames per second (fps), 8 fps, 11 fps, and 12 fps, respectively - are presented as visual stimuli. The motion-onset visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and steady-state VEPs (SSVEP) elicited by these motion stimuli were compared between the rotation and flicker motion types at time windows of 0-500 ms and 1000-5000 ms post-stimulus, respectively. The standardized low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) source localization was investigated as well. Four motion speeds had no effect on the whole VEP waveform in either the rotation or the flicker groups. Significant differences in motion-onset VEPs and sLORETA source localization were found between the rotation and the flicker motion types at time windows of 200-500 ms post-stimulus. For the time windows of 1000-5000 ms post-stimulus, both the rotation and flicker groups all demonstrated the characteristics of SSVEP, with the peak spectral topographies showing at the four different frequencies, which correspond to the four motion speeds. Additionally, a higher power of spectral topography at each of the four motion speeds was found in the rotation relative to the flicker stimulation. The perceptual and cognitive processes are distinct for two types of motion: rotation and flicker. In terms of motion-onset VEPs and the characteristics of SSVEP, rotating visual stimulation is superior to flicker stimulation and may be more appropriate for clinical and engineering applications.

中文翻译：

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运动类型对运动起始和稳态视觉诱发电位的影响：旋转与闪烁。

旋转和闪烁这两种基本运动类型的信息处理的基本机制尚不完全清楚。以四种速度（分别为每秒 7 帧 (fps)、8 fps、11 fps 和 12 fps）的旋转和闪烁动画呈现为视觉刺激。分别在刺激后 0-500 ms 和 1000-5000 ms 的时间窗口，比较旋转运动类型和闪烁运动类型之间由这些运动刺激引起的运动起始视觉诱发电位 (VEP) 和稳态 VEP (SSVEP) 。还研究了标准化低分辨率电磁断层扫描（sLORETA）源定位。四种运动速度对旋转组或闪烁组中的整个 VEP 波形没有影响。在刺激后 200-500 ms 的时间窗口中，旋转运动类型和闪烁运动类型之间发现运动开始 VEP 和 sLORETA 源定位存在显着差异。对于刺激后1000-5000 ms的时间窗口，旋转组和闪烁组都表现出SSVEP的特征，峰值谱形貌显示在四个不同频率处，对应于四种运动速度。此外，在相对于闪烁刺激的旋转中，在四种运动速度中的每一种下都发现了更高的光谱形貌功率。两种类型的运动的感知和认知过程是不同的：旋转和闪烁。就运动起始VEP和SSVEP的特点而言，旋转视觉刺激优于闪烁刺激，可能更适合临床和工程应用。