Temperature fluctuations are inevitable and have an important impact on the survival of fish during transportation. Therefore, the effect of temperature fluctuation (15 ± 1 °C, 15 ± 2 °C, 15 ± 3 °C) on the muscle quality, physiological, and immune function of hybrid pearl gentian grouper before waterless keeping alive, during keeping alive (0 h, 3 h, 6 h, 9 h, 12 h), and after revival for 12 h was investigated. The plasma glucose concentration of grouper gradually decreased to 0.645 ± 0.007 mg/mL, 0.657 ± 0.006 mg/mL, and 0.677 ± 0.004 mg/mL after keeping alive for 12 h under different temperature fluctuations of 15 ± 1 °C, 15 ± 2 °C, and 15 ± 3 °C, respectively. The cortisol concentration and lysozyme activity of pearl gentian grouper significantly increased (P < 0.05) during the keeping alive period. The results suggested that fish bodies would produce acute stress response, strengthen immune defense ability, and quickly consume a lot of energy to adapt to the low-temperature anhydrous environment. In all treatment groups, the activities of plasma alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and the content of creatinine gradually increased with the prolongation of the survival time. The hardness and springiness of muscle decreased from 5965.99 ± 20.15 and 0.90 ± 0.00 to 3490.69 ± 27.59 and 0.42 ± 0.01, respectively. In the meanwhile, the change of glycogen and lactic acid content was opposite, indicating that temperature fluctuation harmed the liver, kidney function, and muscle quality. In the later stage of keeping alive, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities decreased, especially in the temperature fluctuation group of ±3 °C (125.99 ± 5.48 U/mgprot, 44.21 ± 0.63 U/mgprot), leading to an imbalance of fish immunity. In summary, higher temperature fluctuation would influence the physiological function and immune defense ability and decrease the quality of pearl gentian grouper.

运输过程中温度波动是不可避免的，对鱼类的生存有重要影响。因此，研究温度波动（15±1℃、15±2℃、15±3℃）对杂交珍珠龙胆石斑鱼无水保活前、保活过程中肌肉质量、生理和免疫功能的影响（ 0小时、3小时、6小时、9小时、12小时）以及复活12小时后进行了研究。石斑鱼在15±1℃、15±2℃不同温度波动下存活12 h后，血浆葡萄糖浓度逐渐下降至0.645±0.007 mg/mL、0.657±0.006 mg/mL、0.677±0.004 mg/mL。分别为 15 ± 3 °C 和 15 ± 3 °C。珍珠龙胆石斑鱼在保活期间皮质醇浓度和溶菌酶活性均显着升高（P < 0.05）。结果表明，鱼体会产生急性应激反应，增强免疫防御能力，并迅速消耗大量能量以适应低温无水环境。各治疗组血浆丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)活性及肌酐含量随生存时间的延长逐渐升高。肌肉硬度和弹性分别从5965.99±20.15和0.90±0.00下降到3490.69±27.59和0.42±0.01。与此同时，糖原和乳酸含量的变化则相反，表明温度波动对肝脏、肾脏功能和肌肉质量造成损害。保活后期超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性下降，特别是±3℃温度波动组（125.99±5.48 U/mgprot、44.21±0.63 U/mgprot），导致导致鱼类免疫力失衡。综上所述，较高的温度波动会影响珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的生理功能和免疫防御能力，降低珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的品质。