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A conserved methyltransferase active site residue of Zika virus NS5 is required for the restriction of STING activation and interferon expression
Journal of General Virology ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 , DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001954
Yuting Li 1 , Zhaoxin Li 1 , Haimei Zou 2 , Peiwen Zhou 3 , Yuhang Huo 1 , Yaohua Fan 4 , Xiaohong Liu 4 , Jianguo Wu 3 , Geng Li 1 , Xiao Wang 1
Affiliation  

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a re-emerging RNA virus and causes major public health events due to its link to severe neurological complications in foetuses and neonates. The cGAS–STING signalling pathway regulates innate immunity and plays an important role in the invasion of DNA and RNA viruses. This study reveals a distinct mechanism by which ZIKV restricts the cGAS–STING signalling to repress IFN-β expression. ZIKV attenuates IFN-β expression induced by DNA viruses (herpes simplex virus type 1, HSV-1) or two double-stranded DNAs (dsDNA90 and HSV120) in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). Notably, ZIKV NS5, the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, was responsible for the repression of IFN-β. NS5 interacts with STING in the cytoplasm, suppresses IRF3 phosphorylation and nucleus localization and promotes the cleavage of STING K48-linked polyubiquitination. Furthermore, the NS5 methyltransferase (MTase) domain interacts with STING to restrict STING-induced IFN-β expression. Interestingly, point mutation analyses of conserved methyltransferase active site residue D146 indicate that it is critical for repressing IFN-β expression induced by STING stimulation in cGAS–STING signalling.

中文翻译:

寨卡病毒 NS5 的保守甲基转移酶活性位点残基是限制 STING 激活和干扰素表达所必需的

寨卡病毒 (ZIKV) 是一种重新出现的 RNA 病毒,由于与胎儿和新生儿的严重神经系统并发症有关,会导致重大公共卫生事件。 cGAS-STING信号通路调节先天免疫,在DNA和RNA病毒的入侵中发挥重要作用。这项研究揭示了 ZIKV 通过限制 cGAS-STING 信号传导来抑制 IFN-β 表达的独特机制。 ZIKV 可减弱小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞 (MEF) 中由 DNA 病毒(1 型单纯疱疹病毒,HSV-1)或两种双链 DNA(dsDNA90 和 HSV120)诱导的 IFN-β 表达。值得注意的是,ZIKV NS5(一种病毒 RNA 依赖性 RNA 聚合酶)负责抑制 IFN-β。 NS5 与细胞质中的 STING 相互作用,抑制 IRF3 磷酸化和细胞核定位,并促进 STING K48 连接的多聚泛素化的裂解。此外,NS5 甲基转移酶 (MTase) 结构域与 STING 相互作用,限制 STING 诱导的 IFN-β 表达。有趣的是,保守甲基转移酶活性位点残基 D146 的点突变分析表明,它对于抑制 cGAS-STING 信号传导中 STING 刺激诱导的 IFN-β 表达至关重要。
更新日期:2024-02-02
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