With the rapid development of industries, the issue of pollution on Earth has become increasingly severe. This has led to the deterioration of various surfaces, rendering them ineffective for their intended purposes. Examples of such surfaces include oil rigs, seawater intakes, and more. A variety of functional surface techniques have been created to address these issues, including superwetting surfaces, antifouling coatings, nano-polymer composite materials, etc. They primarily exploit the membrane's surface properties and hydration layer to improve the antifouling property. In recent years, biomimetic superwetting surfaces with non-toxic and environmental characteristics have garnered massive attention, greatly aiding in solving the problem of pollution. In this work, a detailed presentation of antifouling superwetting materials was made, including superhydrophobic surface, superhydrophilic surface, and superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic surface, along with the antifouling mechanisms. Then, the applications of the superwetting antifouling materials in antifouling domain were addressed in depth.

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具有有效防污性能的仿生超润湿表面的防污机理及应用

随着工业的快速发展，地球的污染问题日益严峻。这导致了各种表面的恶化，使其无法达到预期目的。此类表面的示例包括石油钻井平台、海水取水口等。为了解决这些问题，人们创建了多种功能表面技术，包括超润湿表面、防污涂层、纳米聚合物复合材料等。它们主要利用膜的表面特性和水化层来提高防污性能。近年来，具有无毒、环保特性的仿生超润湿表面受到广泛关注，对解决污染问题有很大帮助。本工作详细介绍了超疏水表面、超亲水表面、超亲水/水下超疏油表面等防污超润湿材料及其防污机理。然后深入探讨了超润湿防污材料在防污领域的应用。