Osteosarcopenia is the coexistence of low bone mass and sarcopenia. In older women, its prevalence is not well described, and it is unknown if sarcopenia is additive to low bone mass for fracture and mortality risk. The study investigated prevalence of osteosarcopenia and if osteosarcopenia is associated with higher fracture and mortality risk than low bone mass alone in older community-dwelling women. The longitudinal, population-based OPRA Cohort (n = 1044), all aged 75 at inclusion, followed for 10 years. Using WHO and EWGSOP2 definitions for low bone mass (T-score < −1.0 femoral neck) and sarcopenia (knee strength; appendicular lean muscle mass) women were categorized (1) Normal, (2) Low bone mass (LBM), and 3) Osteosarcopenia (probable; confirmed). Risk of hip, major osteoporotic fracture, and mortality were estimated. Osteosarcopenia_confirmed prevalence increased from age 75 to 80 and 85 from 3.0% (29/970) to 4.9% (32/656) to 9.2% (33/358) but prevalence is potentially 2–4 times higher (11.8%, 13.4%, 20.3%) based on osteosarcopenia_probable. Having osteosarcopenia_probable significantly increased 10-year risk of hip fracture (HR_adj 2.67 [1.34–5.32]), major osteoporotic fracture (HR_adj 2.04 [1.27–3.27]), and mortality (HR_adj 1.91 [1.21–3.04]). In contrast, LBM increased osteoporotic fracture risk (HR_adj 2.08 [1.46–2.97], but not hip fracture (HR_adj 1.62 [0.92–2.85]) or mortality (HR_adj 0.94 [0.64–1.38]). Median time-to-hip fracture was 7.6 years (normal), 6.0 years (LBM), and 5.7 years (osteosarcopenia_probable). Prevalence of confirmed osteosarcopenia is almost 10% at age 85. Probable osteosarcopenia significantly increased risk of hip and major osteoporotic fractures and mortality more so than low bone mass alone.

骨少症是低骨量与少肌症并存。在老年女性中，其患病率尚不清楚，并且尚不清楚肌少症是否会增加低骨量导致骨折和死亡风险。该研究调查了老年社区居住女性骨肌减少症的患病率，以及与单独低骨量相比，骨肌减少症是否与更高的骨折和死亡风险相关。基于人口的纵向 OPRA 队列（n  = 1044）纳入时年龄均为 75 岁，随访期为 10 年。使用 WHO 和 EWGSOP2 对低骨量（T 分数 < -1.0 股骨颈）和肌少症（膝盖力量；四肢瘦肌肉量）的定义，将女性分为 (1) 正常、(2) 低骨量 (LBM) 和 3 ) 骨肌减少症（可能；已确诊）。评估了髋部、严重骨质疏松性骨折和死亡率的风险。骨肌减少症_确诊患病率从 75 岁增加到 80 岁和 85 岁，从 3.0% (29/970) 到 4.9% (32/656) 到 9.2% (33/358)，但患病率可能高出 2-4 倍（11.8%、13.4%） ，20.3%）基于_可能患有骨肌减少症。患有骨肌减少症_可能会显着增加 10 年髋部骨折（调整后 HR _2.67 [1.34–5.32]）、严重骨质疏松性骨折（调整后 HR _2.04 [1.27–3.27]）和死亡率（调整后 HR _1.91 [1.21–3.04]）的风险。相比之下，LBM 会增加骨质疏松性骨折风险（调整后 HR _2.08 [1.46–2.97]），但不会增加髋部骨折（调整后 HR _1.62 [0.92–2.85]）或死亡率（调整后 HR _0.94 [0.64–1.38]）。髋部骨折的时间为 7.6 年（正常）、6.0 年（LBM）和 5.7 年（_可能患有骨肌减少症）。85 岁时，确诊的骨肌减少症患病率几乎为 10%。可能的骨肌减少症显着增加了髋部和主要骨质疏松性骨折和死亡率的风险。比单独低骨量。