Grammatical gender form influences readers’ mental gender representations. Previous research demonstrates that the generic masculine form leads to male-biased representations, while some alternative forms lead to female-biased representations. The present research examines the recently introduced glottal stop form in spoken language in German, where a glottal stop (similar to a short pause), meant to represent all gender identities, is inserted before the gender-specific ending. In two experiments (total N = 1188), participants listened to sentences in the glottal stop, the generic masculine, or the generic feminine form and classified whether a second sentence about women or men was a sensible continuation. The generic feminine and the glottal stop led to female biases (fewer errors in sentences about women vs. men) and the generic masculine led to a male bias. The biases were smaller for the glottal stop and the generic masculine than for the generic feminine, indicating that the former two are more readily understood as representing both women and men.

语法性别形式影响读者心理上的性别表征。先前的研究表明，通用的男性形式会导致男性偏见的表征，而一些替代形式会导致女性偏见的表征。本研究检查了德语口语中最近引入的声门塞音形式，其中在特定性别的结尾之前插入了声门塞音（类似于短暂的停顿），旨在代表所有性别身份。在两项实验（总计N = 1188）中，参与者聆听声门塞音、通用男性或通用女性形式的句子，并分类关于女性或男性的第二个句子是否是合理的延续。通用的女性化和声门塞音导致了女性偏见（关于女性与男性的句子中的错误更少），而通用的男性化则导致了男性偏见。声门塞音和一般男性音的偏差小于一般女性音的偏差，这表明前两者更容易被理解为代表女性和男性。