2D materials such as graphene, monolayer MoS and MXene are highly functional for their unique mechanical, thermal and electrical features and are considered building blocks for future ultrathin, flexible electronics. However, they can easily fracture from flaws or defects and thus it is important to increase their toughness in applications. Here, inspired by natural layered composites and architected 3D printed materials of high toughness, we introduce architected defects to the 2D materials and study their fracture in molecular dynamics simulations. We find that the length of the defects in the shape of parallel bridges is crucial to fracture toughness, as long bridges can significantly increase the toughness of graphene and MoS but decrease the toughness of MXene, while short bridges show opposite effects. This strategy can increase the toughness of 2D materials without introducing foreign materials or altering the chemistry of the materials, providing a general method to improve their mechanics.

中文翻译：

---

超薄二维材料桥接结构具有高韧性。

石墨烯、单层 MoS 和 MXene 等 2D 材料因其独特的机械、热和电气特性而具有很强的功能，被认为是未来超薄柔性电子产品的构建模块。然而，它们很容易因瑕疵或缺陷而断裂，因此提高它们在应用中的韧性非常重要。在这里，受到天然层状复合材料和高韧性建筑 3D 打印材料的启发，我们在 2D 材料中引入了建筑缺陷，并在分子动力学模拟中研究了它们的断裂。我们发现平行桥形状的缺陷长度对于断裂韧性至关重要，因为长桥可以显着提高石墨烯和MoS的韧性，但会降低MXene的韧性，而短桥则表现出相反的效果。该策略可以在不引入外来材料或改变材料化学性质的情况下提高二维材料的韧性，从而提供了改善其力学性能的通用方法。