Perinatal running participation has increased recently; however, pregnancy related symptoms can limit activity. Perinatal running biomechanics could inform interventions to help perinatal individuals maintain an active lifestyle. Are perinatal running biomaechanics and muscle activation different compared to nulligravida females? Sixteen pregnant participants completed self-selected velocity running during second trimester (2 T), third trimester (3 T), and postpartum (PP) and 16 matched controls completed these procedures once in this case control study. Kinematic, kinetic, and electromyography (EMG) data were collected using a motion capture system, force plates, and EMG electrodes. Peak trunk, pelvis, hip, knee, and ankle kinematics and hip, knee, and ankle moments during stance phase, and average and peak erector spinae (ES), gluteus maximus (GMax), and gluteus medius (GMed) EMG amplitude and duration of activation during stance and swing phases were calculated. Independent t-tests were used to compare 2 T, 3 T, and PP to control participants ( < 0.05). Running velocity was slower during 3 T compared to control participants. At all pregnancy timepoints compared to the control group, peak trunk contralateral rotation was smaller. During 2 T and 3 T peak hip flexor moments were smaller. At 3 T pelvis contralateral rotation was smaller, ES average amplitude was greater during swing, GMax percent duration during stance and GMed percent duration during swing were smaller. At PP trunk flexion was smaller and knee abduction was greater (all p < 0.05). Decreased running velocity may help offset increased demand during pregnancy. During 3 T, greater ES activation, smaller trunk and pelvis motion, and altered gluteal activation could indicate trunk rigidity combined with modified hip stabilizer muscle utilization. During PP, the rigid trunk combined with greater knee abduction may indicate hip and trunk strength deficits. Altered trunk and hip motion and activation could be relevant to pathologies such as perinatal low back, pelvic girdle, or knee pain.

中文翻译：

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与从未怀孕的女性相比，怀孕期间和怀孕后的跑步生物力学有所不同

围产期跑步参与度近期有所增加；然而，与怀孕相关的症状可能会限制活动。围产期跑步生物力学可以为干预措施提供信息，帮助围产期个体保持积极的生活方式。与未怀孕女性相比，围产期跑步生物力学和肌肉激活是否有所不同？16 名怀孕参与者在妊娠中期 (2 T)、妊娠晚期 (3 T) 和产后 (PP) 期间完成了自选速度跑步，16 名匹配的对照组在本病例对照研究中完成了这些程序。使用运动捕捉系统、测力板和肌电图电极收集运动学、动力学和肌电图 (EMG) 数据。站立阶段的躯干、骨盆、髋部、膝部和踝部运动学峰值以及髋部、膝部和踝部力矩，以及平均和峰值竖脊肌 (ES)、臀大肌 (GMax) 和臀中肌 (GMed) EMG 幅度和持续时间计算了站立和摆动阶段的激活程度。使用独立 t 检验来比较 2 T、3 T 和 PP 与对照参与者 ( < 0.05)。与对照组参与者相比，3 T 期间的跑步速度较慢。与对照组相比，在所有妊娠时间点，躯干对侧旋转峰值较小。在 2 T 和 3 T 期间，峰值髋屈肌力矩较小。在 3 T 时，骨盆对侧旋转较小，摆动期间的 ES 平均幅度较大，站立期间的 GMax 持续时间百分比和摆动期间的 GMed 持续时间百分比较小。PP 时，躯干屈曲较小，膝关节外展较大（均 p < 0.05）。跑步速度的降低可能有助于抵消怀孕期间增加的需求。在 3 T 期间，更大的 ES 激活、更小的躯干和骨盆运动以及改变的臀肌激活可能表明躯干刚性与改良的髋部稳定肌利用率相结合。在 PP 期间，僵硬的躯干加上更大的膝外展可能表明髋部和躯干力量不足。躯干和臀部运动和激活的改变可能与围产期腰痛、骨盆带或膝盖疼痛等病症有关。