: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T (CAR-T) cell therapy has emerged as a revolutionary approach for cancer treatment, especially for hematologic cancers. However, CAR-T therapy has some limitations, including cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune cellassociated neurologic syndrome (ICANS), and difficulty in targeting solid tumors and delivering allogeneic cell therapy due to graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Therefore, it is important to explore other cell sources for CAR engineering. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a potential target, as they possess powerful antitumor ability and do not recognize mismatched major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) and protein antigens, thus avoiding the risk of GvHD. CAR-engineered iNKT (CAR-iNKT) cell therapy offers a promising new approach to cancer immunotherapy by overcoming the drawbacks of CAR-T cell therapy while retaining potent antitumor capabilities. This review summarizes the current CAR-iNKT cell products, their functions and phenotypes, and their potential for off-the-shelf cancer immunotherapy.

中文翻译：

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利用嵌合抗原受体工程改造的恒定自然杀伤 T 细胞：癌症和肿瘤微环境的治疗策略

：嵌合抗原受体 (CAR) 工程 T (CAR-T) 细胞疗法已成为癌症治疗的革命性方法，尤其是血液癌症。然而，CAR-T疗法也有一些局限性，包括细胞因子释放综合征（CRS）、免疫细胞相关神经综合征（ICANS），以及由于移植物抗宿主病（GvHD）而难以靶向实体瘤和提供同种异体细胞治疗。因此，探索其他细胞来源对于 CAR 工程具有重要意义。不变的自然杀伤T（iNKT）细胞是一个潜在的靶点，因为它们具有强大的抗肿瘤能力，并且不识别不匹配的主要组织相容性复合物（MHC）和蛋白质抗原，从而避免了GvHD的风险。 CAR 工程 iNKT (CAR-iNKT) 细胞疗法克服了 CAR-T 细胞疗法的缺点，同时保留了有效的抗肿瘤能力，为癌症免疫治疗提供了一种有前景的新方法。这篇综述总结了当前的 CAR-iNKT 细胞产品、它们的功能和表型，以及它们用于现成癌症免疫治疗的潜力。