The development of wound dressings from biomaterials has been the subject of research due to their unique structural and functional characteristics. Proteins from animal origin, such as collagen and chitosan, act as promising materials for applications in injuries and chronic wounds, functioning as a repairing agent. This study aims to evaluate in vitro effects of scaffolds with different formulations containing bioactive compounds such as collagen, chitosan, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and ε-poly-lysine (ε-PL). We manufactured a scaffold made of a collagen hydrogel bioconjugated with chitosan by crosslinking and addition of NAC and ε-PL. Cell viability was verified by resazurin and live/dead assays and the ultrastructure of biomaterials was evaluated by SEM. Antimicrobial sensitivity was assessed by antibiogram. The healing potential of the biomaterial was evaluated in vivo, in a model of healing of excisional wounds in mice. On the 7th day after the injury, the wounds and surrounding skin were processed for evaluation of biochemical and histological parameters associated with the inflammatory process. The results showed great cell viability and increase in porosity after crosslinking while antimicrobial action was observed in scaffolds containing NAC and ε-PL. Chitosan scaffolds bioconjugated with NAC/ε-PL showed improvement in tissue healing, with reduced lesion size and reduced inflammation. It is concluded that scaffolds crosslinked with chitosan-NAC-ε-PL have the desirable characteristics for tissue repair at low cost and could be considered promising biomaterials in the practice of regenerative medicine.

Graphical Abstract

中文翻译：

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用于伤口愈合的胶原支架的开发：表征和体内分析

由于其独特的结构和功能特性，生物材料伤口敷料的开发一直是研究的主题。动物来源的蛋白质，如胶原蛋白和壳聚糖，是治疗损伤和慢性伤口的有前途的材料，可作为修复剂。本研究旨在评估含有胶原蛋白、壳聚糖、N-乙酰半胱氨酸（NAC）和ε-聚赖氨酸（ε-PL）等生物活性化合物的不同配方支架的体外效果。我们通过交联并添加 NAC 和 ε-PL 制造了由与壳聚糖生物共轭的胶原水凝胶制成的支架。通过刃天青和活/死测定验证细胞活力，并通过 SEM 评估生物材料的超微结构。通过抗菌谱评估抗菌敏感性。在小鼠切除伤口愈合模型中，对生物材料的愈合潜力进行了体内评估。受伤后第7天，对伤口和周围皮肤进行处理，以评估与炎症过程相关的生化和组织学参数。结果显示，交联后细胞活力良好，孔隙率增加，同时在含有 NAC 和 ε-PL 的支架中观察到抗菌作用。与 NAC/ε-PL 生物共轭的壳聚糖支架显示出组织愈合的改善，病灶尺寸的减小和炎症的减少。结论是，壳聚糖-NAC-ε-PL 交联的支架具有低成本组织修复的理想特性，可被认为是再生医学实践中有前途的生物材料。

图形概要