Abstract

An analytical review of scientific publications containing materials or discussion of the concept of sexually selective infanticide (SSI) in brown bear populations (Ursus arctos) is presented. The authors of the SSI concept refer to the idea of sexual selection, which is a rather shaky conceptual basis. The concept was formed largely on the basis of materials obtained during the study of intraspecific relations in lion populations (Panthera leo). However, facts regarding the behavioral ecology of the lion, which accumulate relatively quickly, can be interpreted quite ambiguously and even only when applied to this species, the concept of this does not look convincing enough and is obviously unnecessarily anthropomorphic. Infanticide, cannibalism, and their combination are recorded in both lion and brown bear populations. However, the behavioral ecology of these species differs significantly. Brown bear populations are characterized by pronounced seasonality of reproduction; the presence of a reproductive interval in bear females, which can vary significantly in populations with different habitat conditions and varies from 1 to 5 years; and mating patterns than can vary from lax monogamy to panmixia. Multiple paternity is possible within the same litter of cubs of a brown bear. It follows from the review that brown bear populations are characterized by many features of sociality, with the lifestyle of bears being both solitary and group. It is hardly correct to classify the brown bear (and other species of bears) as uniquely asocial. From the analysis of publications on the behavioral ecology of the brown bear, it follows that the application of the SSI concept without significant additions is hardly useful for understanding the intraspecific relations of this species.

中文翻译：

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棕熊种群中的性别选择性杀婴和社交性

摘要

本文对包含棕熊种群（Ursus arctos）中性选择性杀婴（SSI）概念的材料或讨论的科学出版物进行了分析综述。 SSI概念的作者提到了性选择的想法，这是一个相当不稳定的概念基础。这个概念主要是根据在狮子种群（Panthera leo）种内关系研究中获得的材料而形成的。然而，有关狮子行为生态学的事实积累得相对较快，解释起来相当模糊，即使仅应用于该物种，这一概念看起来也不够令人信服，而且显然是不必要的拟人化。狮子和棕熊种群中都有杀婴、同类相食及其混合行为的记录。然而，这些物种的行为生态学差异很大。棕熊种群的特点是繁殖具有明显的季节性；雌性熊的繁殖间隔在不同栖息地条件的种群中可能存在显着差异，从 1 到 5 年不等；交配模式也多种多样，从宽松的一夫一妻制到泛混合制。棕熊的同一窝幼崽中可能存在多个亲子关系。从评论中可以看出，棕熊种群具有许多社会性特征，熊的生活方式既是独居又是群居。将棕熊（和其他种类的熊）归类为独特的非社会性是不正确的。从对棕熊行为生态学出版物的分析可以看出，在没有显着补充的情况下应用SSI概念对于理解该物种的种内关系几乎没有帮助。