Abstract

Landscape fires are usually not associated with temperate Europe, yet not all temperate countries record statistics indicating that actual risks remain unknown. Here we introduce new wildfire statistics for The Netherlands, and summarize significant events and fatalities. The period 2017–2022 saw 611 wildfires and 405 ha burned per year, which Copernicus’ European Forest Fire Information System satellite data vastly underestimate. Fires burned more heathland than forest, were small (mean fire size 1.5 ha), were caused by people, and often burned simultaneously, in Spring and in Summer drought. Suppression, restoration and traffic delays cost 3 M€ year⁻¹. Dozens of significant events illustrate fire has never been away and has major societal impact amidst grave concerns for firefighter safety. Since 1833, 31 fatalities were reported. A legal framework is needed to ensure continuity of recordkeeping, as the core foundation of integrated fire management, to create a baseline for climate change, and to fulfill international reporting requirements.

中文翻译：

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在温带欧洲，火灾已经发生：荷兰的案例

摘要

景观火灾通常与欧洲温带地区无关，但并非所有温带国家都记录了表明实际风险仍然未知的统计数据。在这里，我们介绍荷兰新的野火统计数据，并总结重大事件和死亡人数。 2017 年至 2022 年期间，每年发生 611 起野火，烧毁面积达 405 公顷，而哥白尼的欧洲森林火灾信息系统卫星数据大大低估了这一数字。火灾烧毁的石南地多于森林，火灾规模较小（平均火灾面积 1.5 公顷），由人为引起，并且经常在春季和夏季干旱时同时燃烧。抑制、恢复和交通延误每年花费 300 万欧元^-1。数十起重大事件表明火灾从未消失，并在人们严重关注消防员安全的同时产生了重大社会影响。自 1833 年以来，据报道有 31 人死亡。需要一个法律框架来确保记录保存的连续性，作为综合火灾管理的核心基础，为气候变化制定基线，并满足国际报告要求。