Nanotechnology has emerged as a pivotal tool in biomedical research, particularly in developing advanced sensing platforms for disease diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring. Since gold nanoparticles are biocompatible and have special optical characteristics, they are excellent choices for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensing devices. Integrating fluorescence characteristics further enhances their utility in real-time imaging and tracking within biological systems. The synergistic combination of SERS and fluorescence enables sensitive and selective detection of biomolecules at trace levels, providing a versatile platform for early cancer diagnosis and drug monitoring. In cancer detection, AuNPs facilitate the specific targeting of cancer biomarkers, allowing for early-stage diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies. The enhanced sensitivity of SERS, coupled with the tunable fluorescence properties of AuNPs, offers a powerful tool for the identification of cancer cells and their microenvironment. This dual-mode detection not only improves diagnostic accuracy but also enables the monitoring of treatment response and disease progression. In drug detection, integrating AuNPs with SERS provides a robust platform for identifying and quantifying pharmaceutical compounds. The unique spectral fingerprints obtained through SERS enable the discrimination of drug molecules even in complex biological matrices. Furthermore, the fluorescence property of AuNPs makes it easier to track medication distribution in real-time, maximizing therapeutic effectiveness and reducing adverse effects. Furthermore, the review explores the role of gold fluorescence nanoparticles in photodynamic therapy (PDT). By using the complementary effects of targeted drug release and light-induced cytotoxicity, SERS-guided drug delivery and photodynamic therapy (PDT) can increase the effectiveness of treatment against cancer cells. In conclusion, the utilization of gold fluorescence nanoparticles in conjunction with SERS holds tremendous potential for revolutionizing cancer detection, drug analysis, and photodynamic therapy. The dual-mode capabilities of these nanomaterials provide a multifaceted approach to address the challenges in early diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and personalized medicine, thereby advancing the landscape of biomedical applications.

中文翻译：

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用于增强生物医学传感器应用中 SERS 检测的金荧光纳米颗粒：当前趋势和未来方向

纳米技术已成为生物医学研究的关键工具，特别是在开发用于疾病诊断和治疗监测的先进传感平台方面。由于金纳米颗粒具有生物相容性并具有特殊的光学特性，因此它们是表面增强拉曼散射 (SERS) 传感设备的绝佳选择。集成荧光特性进一步增强了它们在生物系统内实时成像和跟踪中的实用性。 SERS 和荧光的协同组合能够灵敏、选择性地检测痕量水平的生物分子，为早期癌症诊断和药物监测提供多功能平台。在癌症检测中，AuNP 有助于癌症生物标志物的特异性靶向，从而实现早期诊断和个性化治疗策略。 SERS 增强的灵敏度，加上 AuNP 的可调荧光特性，为识别癌细胞及其微环境提供了强大的工具。这种双模式检测不仅提高了诊断准确性，而且还能够监测治疗反应和疾病进展。在药物检测中，AuNP 与 SERS 的集成为识别和定量药物化合物提供了强大的平台。通过 SERS 获得的独特光谱指纹即使在复杂的生物基质中也能区分药物分子。此外，AuNP 的荧光特性使其更容易实时跟踪药物分布，从而最大限度地提高治疗效果并减少不良反应。此外，该综述还探讨了金荧光纳米粒子在光动力疗法（PDT）中的作用。通过利用靶向药物释放和光诱导细胞毒性的互补作用，SERS引导的药物递送和光动力疗法（PDT）可以提高针对癌细胞的治疗效果。总之，金荧光纳米颗粒与 SERS 的结合使用对于彻底改变癌症检测、药物分析和光动力治疗具有巨大的潜力。这些纳米材料的双模式功能提供了一种多方面的方法来解决早期诊断、治疗监测和个性化医疗方面的挑战，从而推动生物医学应用的发展。