Drug resistance represents a major limitation to the long-term efficacy of anti-cancer treatments. The commonly accepted view is that the selection of inheritable genetic mechanisms governs the development of secondary resistance. However, compelling evidence suggests an important role for adaptive cell plasticity and non-genetic mechanisms in the development of therapy resistance. The two phenomena are not mutually exclusive and the interplay between genetic and non-genetic mechanisms may affect tumor evolution during treatment. A broader characterization of the genetic and non-genetic mechanisms of drug resistance may pave the way for more precise and effective therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance.

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遗传和非遗传耐药性：达尔文还是拉马克？

耐药性是抗癌治疗长期疗效的主要限制。普遍接受的观点是，可遗传遗传机制的选择控制着继发抗性的发展。然而，令人信服的证据表明适应性细胞可塑性和非遗传机制在治疗耐药性的发展中发挥着重要作用。这两种现象并不相互排斥，遗传和非遗传机制之间的相互作用可能会影响治疗过程中的肿瘤进化。对耐药性的遗传和非遗传机制进行更广泛的表征可能为更精确和有效的克服耐药性的治疗策略铺平道路。