: Allelopathy is related to the positive or negative impacts on one type of plant of a chemical produced by another type of plant, such as weeds, and different kinds of chemicals are hydroxamic acids, phenolics, and short-chain fatty acids. The potential allelopathic impacts of weeds are directly associated with the plant species used, as well as the concentration of the aqueous extract available in the environment. The present research has made an attempt to find and identify the allelopathic effects of aquatic extracts from dry seeds and shoots of mallow (Malva sylvestris L.) on germination, seedling growth, and progress of three cultivars of maize. Maize seeds (Zea mays L.) were obtained as seed material; three maize seed cultivars were KSC 704 (cultivar 1), KSC 500 (cultivar 2), and KSC 302 (cultivar 3), respectively. The aqueous ex-tracts of mallow shoots and seeds, in concentrations of 1, 3, and 5%, were made from the crum-bled and dried above-ground plant sections. The influence of plant dosage was significant on the coefficient of the rate of germination (CRG), seedling vigour index (SVI), total germination (T50), mean germination time (MGT), germination energy (GE), germination index (GI), inhibi-tion percentage (IP), fresh mass, dry mass, relative water content (RWC), and total water content (TWC). Different plant parts had a meaningful influence on SVI, GI, MGT, CRG, GE, and IP. The impacts of the cultivar on T50, IP, RWC, fresh mass, dry mass, and TWC were significant. Together with the increase in the concentration of allelopathic components, a decline in the ger-mination activity of all tested maize cultivars was found. The highest SVI was associated with control treatment, followed by 1% and 3% of plant dosages. KSC 704 obtained the maximum CRG and GE, and the minimum one was related to KSC 500. 3% of plant dosage has obtained the highest value of CRG and GE. The maximum and the minimum T50 were related to KSC 302 and KSC 704, respectively. The lowest values of GI and MGT were related to KSC 500, and the maximum values were related to KSC 704. While the maximum IP, RWC, fresh mass, dry mass, and TWC were related to KSC 704, the lowest values were achieved for KSC 500. The RWC was the highest for seedlings grown on the 5% extract. The information provided in this article can be helpful in the conditions of the threat of maize seedlings with the mass appearance of mallow.

中文翻译：

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不同锦葵水提取物作用下三个玉米品种萌发参数及生长发育的变化

：化感作用与另一种植物（例如杂草）产生的化学物质对一种植物的正面或负面影响有关，不同种类的化学物质包括异羟肟酸、酚类和短链脂肪酸。杂草的潜在化感作用与所使用的植物种类以及环境中可用的水提取物的浓度直接相关。本研究试图发现和鉴定锦葵 (Malva sylvestris L.) 干种子和芽的水提取物对三个玉米品种的发芽、幼苗生长和发育的化感作用。获得玉米种子（Zea mays L.）作为种子材料；三个玉米种子品种分别为 KSC 704（品种 1）、KSC 500（品种 2）和 KSC 302（品种 3）。锦葵芽和种子的水提取物，浓度分别为 1%、3% 和 5%，由粉碎并干燥的地上植物部分制成。植物剂量对发芽率（CRG）、幼苗活力指数（SVI）、总发芽率（T50）、平均发芽时间（MGT）、发芽势（GE）、发芽指数（GI）等系数影响显着。 、抑制百分比 (IP)、鲜质量、干质量、相对含水量 (RWC) 和总含水量 (TWC)。不同的植物部位对 SVI、GI、MGT、CRG、GE 和 IP 具有有意义的影响。该品种对 T50、IP、RWC、鲜质量、干质量和 TWC 的影响显着。随着化感成分浓度的增加，所有测试的玉米品种的发芽活性均下降。最高的 SVI 与对照处理相关，其次是 1% 和 3% 的植物剂量。 KSC 704获得了最大的CRG和GE，最小的与KSC 500有关。3%的植物剂量获得了最高的CRG和GE值。最大和最小T50 分别与KSC 302 和KSC 704 相关。 GI 和 MGT 的最低值与 KSC 500 相关，最大值与 KSC 704 相关。虽然最大 IP、RWC、鲜质量、干质量和 TWC 与 KSC 704 相关，但最低值与 KSC 704 相关。 KSC 500。在 5% 提取物上生长的幼苗的 RWC 最高。本文提供的信息对于解决玉米幼苗受到大量锦葵威胁的情况可能有所帮助。