The fracture grouting method can play a very good anti-seepage and reinforcement effect for some rock layer that are not compacted or have hidden dangers such as leakage channels, soft layers, cracks, and so on. However, the mechanism of action requires further in-depth study. In this study, to investigate the penetration of time-dependent viscosity of the slurry in the surrounding rock, cement-based slurry was used as the object of research to carry out the time-dependent viscosity tests, analyze its rheological characteristics, and determine its time-dependent viscosity. Based on the Bingham model of slurry, a grout diffusion model was established, considering into consideration slurry time-dependent viscosity and the rock type I fracture toughness. In addition, this study considered the impact of rock aperture deformation on the grout process, established a grout penetration equation, and explored the influencing factors of the slurry penetration range. The process of grouting’s strengthening of the fractured rock mass is addressed from both macroscopic and microscopic perspectives, and the correctness of the grouting penetration formula is confirmed by comparing in-situ grouting borehole endoscopic pictures in the coal mine tunnel. This study demonstrates that the grouting penetration radius increases very slowly after the grouting pressure reaches a certain level, but it is easier for the slurry to combine with the coal rock body to form a tightly consolidated body under high pressure. Therefore, the grouting pressure should be designed based on the rock media type and engineering disturbance. The results of this study could give a theoretical foundation for the selection and design of parameters required for grouting engineering practice.

裂缝注浆法对于一些未压实或存在渗漏通道、软层、裂缝等隐患的岩层可以起到很好的防渗加固效果。但其作用机制还需要进一步深入研究。本研究为研究泥浆在围岩中的随时间黏度渗透情况，以水泥基泥浆为研究对象，开展随时间黏度测试，分析其流变特性，确定其黏度随时间的变化。随时间变化的粘度。基于浆体Bingham模型，考虑浆体随时间变化的粘度和I类岩石断裂韧性，建立了浆液扩散模型。此外，本研究考虑了岩石孔隙变形对注浆过程的影响，建立了注浆渗透方程，探讨了浆液渗透范围的影响因素。从宏观和微观两个角度阐述了裂隙岩体的注浆加固过程，并通过煤矿巷道现场注浆钻孔内窥图像对比，证实了注浆贯入度公式的正确性。研究表明，注浆压力达到一定程度后，注浆渗透半径增加非常缓慢，但在高压下浆液更容易与煤岩体结合形成紧密的固结体。因此，注浆压力应根据岩石介质类型和工程扰动进行设计。研究结果可为注浆工程实践所需参数的选择和设计提供理论依据。