Abstract

Türkiye has a long history of devastating earthquakes, and on February 6, 2023, the region experienced two major earthquakes with magnitudes of 7.7 and 7.6, striking Pazarcık and Elbistan, Kahramanmaraş, respectively, on the East Anatolian Fault Zone. These earthquakes resulted in significant loss of life and property, impacting multiple cities across 11 cities, and leaving a lasting impact on the country. The 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes rank among the deadliest and most damaging earthquakes in Türkiye, alongside the historical significance of the 1939 Erzincan Earthquake and the 1999 Marmara Earthquake. Despite reforms following the 1999 Marmara Earthquake in disaster policy and preparedness, the scale of damage from the February 6 earthquakes has been shocking, necessitating further insights and lessons for future earthquake management. This paper presents the outcomes of immediate response efforts organized after the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes to elucidate emergency response activities and their impacts on communities, considering the substantial size and severity of the damages. The study focuses on evaluating the emergency response provided within the first 24 h, 3 days, and 2 weeks after the earthquakes, aiming to promptly identify the nature and effectiveness of these responses, as well as the conditions that hindered their efficacy. By shedding light on the specific experiences and challenges faced during these crucial timeframes, the research aims to offer valuable insights and lessons learned. These findings contribute to improved preparedness strategies and more efficient emergency response measures needed in responding to future disaster scenarios. Ultimately, this study provides a useful resource for all stakeholders involved in emergency response and disaster management, offering valuable guidance to enhance resilience and preparedness in the face of seismic hazards.

中文翻译：

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2023 年 2 月 6 日卡赫拉曼马拉什·帕扎尔奇克和埃尔比斯坦地震后的应急响应和社区影响：土耳其受影响地区的勘察结果和观察结果

摘要

土耳其有着悠久的毁灭性地震历史，2023年2月6日，该地区经历了两次7.7级和7.6级大地震，分别袭击了东安纳托利亚断裂带的帕扎尔奇克和埃尔比斯坦、卡赫拉曼马拉什。这些地震造成了重大生命和财产损失，影响了11个城市的多个城市，给国家留下了持久的影响。 2023 年卡赫拉曼马拉什地震与 1939 年埃尔津詹地震和 1999 年马尔马拉地震一样具有历史意义，是土耳其最致命和最具破坏性的地震之一。尽管 1999 年马尔马拉地震后在灾害政策和防备方面进行了改革，但 2 月 6 日地震的破坏规模仍然令人震惊，需要为未来的地震管理提供进一步的见解和教训。本文介绍了 2023 年卡赫拉曼马拉什地震后组织的立即响应工作的成果，以阐明应急响应活动及其对社区的影响，同时考虑到损失的规模和严重程度。该研究的重点是评估地震发生后24小时、3天和2周内提供的应急响应，旨在及时识别这些响应的性质和有效性，以及阻碍其效力的条件。通过揭示这些关键时期所面临的具体经验和挑战，该研究旨在提供有价值的见解和经验教训。这些发现有助于改进应对未来灾害情况所需的准备策略和更有效的应急响应措施。最终，这项研究为参与应急响应和灾害管理的所有利益相关者提供了有用的资源，为增强面对地震灾害的复原力和准备工作提供了宝贵的指导。