Abstract

It is common to consider the experimental soil physics results from the standpoint of a three-phase soil model. Along with the three-phase model, a gel model of soils is used. These models are based on different principles: in the three-phase model, solid phase constancy and liquid mobility; in the gel model, the ability of soil gels to swell, harden, and reduce water mobility. The purpose of this work is to assess the applicability of three-phase and gel soil models to analyzing the study results of some physical properties of soils. The studies were carried out with the zonal soil series: sod–podzolic, gray forest, chernozem, and chestnut soils. The following methods were used in this work: vibration viscometry, laser diffractometry, and electrical resistivity of soils. Unexpected results were obtained in the study of the soil’s physical properties. Firstly, the curve of the relationship between the moisture content of soil samples and the viscosity of pastes prepared from them reached the maximum at the point of limited availability of water (PLAW). Secondly, under the increased mechanical action on soil pastes, the particle size increased rather than decreased in them. Thirdly, the soil electrical resistivity–moisture relationship maintains a uniform course in the PLAW area. Meanwhile, at this water content, the continuous liquid phase framework providing moisture and electrical conductivity disappears in the soils. Fourthly, moist soils dry out in a desiccator over water. It is not possible to explain these results from the standpoint of the three-phase soil model generally accepted in soil science. For this reason, the gel model of soils was used to analyze and explain all the results obtained.

中文翻译：

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实验结果分析中的土壤三相模型和凝胶模型

摘要

通常从三相土壤模型的角度考虑实验土壤物理结果。除了三相模型之外，还使用了土壤的凝胶模型。这些模型基于不同的原理：在三相模型中，固相恒定性和液体流动性；在凝胶模型中，土壤凝胶膨胀、硬化和降低水流动性的能力。这项工作的目的是评估三相和凝胶土壤模型在分析土壤某些物理性质的研究结果方面的适用性。研究针对地带性土壤系列进行：草灰土、灰森林土、黑钙土和栗子土。这项工作使用了以下方法：振动粘度测定法、激光衍射法和土壤电阻率法。对土壤物理性质的研究获得了意想不到的结果。首先，土壤样品的含水量与由其制备的糊状物的粘度之间的关系曲线在水有限可用点（PLAW）处达到最大值。其次，在土浆机械作用增强的情况下，土浆中的颗粒尺寸增加而不是减小。第三，土壤电阻率-湿度关系在 PLAW 区域保持一致。同时，在此含水量下，提供水分和导电性的连续液相框架在土壤中消失。第四，将潮湿的土壤在干燥器中用水干燥。从土壤科学普遍接受的三相土壤模型的角度来解释这些结果是不可能的。为此，使用土壤凝胶模型来分析和解释所获得的所有结果。