Drawing upon conservation of resources theory, we examine how and when stretch goals affect work effort and cheating behavior. We conduct an online experimental study (Study 1, N = 194) and a three-wave field study (Study 2, N = 298) to test our hypotheses. Results show that trait resilience moderates the relationship between stretch goals and work meaningfulness. When trait resilience of employees is high, stretch goals generate work meaningfulness, which in turn promotes work effort. Meanwhile, stretch goals are indirectly related to cheating behavior through emotional exhaustion. Moreover, trait resilience alleviates the link between stretch goals and emotional exhaustion and the indirect effect of stretch goals on cheating behavior through emotional exhaustion. The present study provides important theoretical and practical implications.

利用资源节约理论，我们研究了延伸目标如何以及何时影响工作努力和作弊行为。我们进行了在线实验研究（研究 1，N  = 194）和三波现场研究（研究 2，N  = 298）来检验我们的假设。结果表明，特质复原力调节了延伸目标和工作意义之间的关系。当员工的特质复原力较高时，延伸目标会产生工作意义，进而促进工作努力。同时，延伸目标与情绪耗竭导致的作弊行为间接相关。此外，特质复原力减轻了伸展目标和情绪耗竭之间的联系，以及伸展目标通过情绪耗竭对作弊行为的间接影响。本研究提供了重要的理论和实践意义。