Schizophrenia is a chronic, debilitating mental illness caused by both genetic and environmental factors. Genetic factors play a major role in schizophrenia development. Early growth response 3 (EGR3) is a member of the EGR family, which is associated with schizophrenia. Accumulating studies have investigated the relationship between EGR3 and schizophrenia. However, the role of EGR3 in schizophrenia pathogenesis remains unclear. In the present review, we focus on the progress of research related to the role of EGR3 in schizophrenia, including association studies between EGR3 and schizophrenia, abnormal gene expressional analysis of EGR3 in schizophrenia, biological function studies of EGR3 in schizophrenia, the molecular regulatory mechanism of EGR3 and schizophrenia susceptibility candidate genes, and possible role of EGR3 in the immune system function in schizophrenia. In summary, EGR3 is a schizophrenia risk candidate factor and has comprehensive regulatory roles in schizophrenia pathogenesis. Further studies investigating the molecular mechanisms of EGR3 in schizophrenia are warranted for understanding the pathophysiology of this disorder as well as the development of new therapeutic strategies for the treatment and control of this disorder.

中文翻译：

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早期生长反应3基因在精神分裂症中的作用及分子机制

精神分裂症是一种由遗传和环境因素引起的慢性、使人衰弱的精神疾病。遗传因素在精神分裂症的发展中起着重要作用。早期生长反应 3 (EGR3) 是 EGR 家族的成员，与精神分裂症相关。越来越多的研究调查了 EGR3 与精神分裂症之间的关系。然而，EGR3 在精神分裂症发病机制中的作用仍不清楚。本文重点综述EGR3在精神分裂症中的作用相关研究进展，包括EGR3与精神分裂症的关联研究、 EGR3在精神分裂症中的异常基因表达分析、EGR3在精神分裂症中的生物学功能研究、分子调控机制等。 EGR3 和精神分裂症易感候选基因的关系，以及 EGR3 在精神分裂症免疫系统功能中的可能作用。综上所述，EGR3是精神分裂症的危险候选因子，在精神分裂症发病机制中具有全面的调控作用。有必要进一步研究 EGR3 在精神分裂症中的分子机制，以了解该疾病的病理生理学以及开发治疗和控制该疾病的新治疗策略。