Background. Addiction-like social media use (ASMU) is widely reported among adolescents and is associated with depression and other negative health outcomes. We aimed to identify developmental trajectories of neural social feedback processing that are linked to higher levels of ASMU in later adolescence. Methods. Within a longitudinal design, 103 adolescents completed a social incentive delay task during 1-3 fMRI scans (6th-9th grade), and a 4th self-report assessment of ASMU and depressive symptoms ~2 years later (10th-11th grade). We assessed ASMU effects on brain responsivity to positive social feedback across puberty and relationships between brain responsivity development, ASMU symptoms, and depressive symptoms while considering gender effects. Results. Findings demonstrate decreasing responsivity, across puberty, in the ventral media prefrontal cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, and right inferior frontal gyrus associated with higher ASMU symptoms over 2 years later. Significant moderated mediation models suggest that these pubertal decreases in brain responsivity are associated with increased ASMU symptoms which, among adolescent girls (but not boys), is in turn associated with increased depressive symptoms. Conclusions. Results suggest initial hyperresponsivity to positive social feedback, before puberty onset, and decreases in this response across development, may be risk factors for ASMU in later adolescence.

中文翻译：

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两年后大脑功能的发育变化与社交媒体成瘾相关

背景。青少年中广泛报道社交媒体使用成瘾（ASMU），并且与抑郁和其他负面健康结果相关。我们的目的是确定与青春期后期 ASMU 较高水平相关的神经社会反馈处理的发展轨迹。方法。在纵向设计中，103 名青少年在 1-3 次功能磁共振成像扫描（6 至 9 年级）期间完成了社会激励延迟任务，并在大约 2 年后（10 至 11 年级）完成了第四次 ASMU 自我报告评估和抑郁症状。我们评估了 ASMU 对整个青春期大脑对积极社会反馈的反应的影响，以及大脑反应发展、ASMU 症状和抑郁症状之间的关系，同时考虑了性别影响。结果。研究结果表明，整个青春期，腹侧中前额叶皮层、内侧前额叶皮层、后扣带皮层和右额下回的反应性下降，与 2 年后更高的 ASMU 症状相关。显着的调节中介模型表明，青春期大脑反应性的下降与 ASMU 症状的增加有关，而在青春期女孩（但不是男孩）中，ASMU 症状又与抑郁症状的增加有关。结论。结果表明，在青春期开始前，最初对积极社会反馈的过度反应，以及在整个发育过程中这种反应的减弱，可能是青春期后期 ASMU 的危险因素。