Infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a high incidence of spread. On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization proclaimed a public health emergency of worldwide concern. More than 6.9 million deaths and more than 768 million confirmed cases had been reported worldwide as of June 18, 2023. This study included 51 patients and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. The present study aimed to identify the expression levels of lncRNA CASC2 and miRNA-21-5p (also known as miRNA-21) in COVID-19 patients and their relation to the clinicopathological characteristics of the disease. The expression levels of noncoding RNAs were measured by RT-PCR technique. Results detected that CASC2 was significantly downregulated while miRNA-21-5p was significantly upregulated in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy subjects. A significant negative correlation was found between CASC2 and miRNA-21-5p. ROC curve analysis used to distinguish COVID-19 patients from controls. MiRNA-21-p serum expression level had a significant positive association with temperature and PO2 (p = 0.04 for each). These findings indicate that CASC2 and miRNA-21-p might be used as potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers in COVID-19.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 患者血清 lncRNA CASC2 和 miRNA-21-5p 表达的改变

引起 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 感染具有很高的传播率。 2020年1月30日，世界卫生组织宣布全球关注的突发公共卫生事件。截至 2023 年 6 月 18 日，全球报告了超过 690 万人死亡和超过 7.68 亿确诊病例。这项研究包括 51 名患者和 50 名年龄和性别匹配的健康受试者。本研究旨在确定COVID-19患者中lncRNA CASC2和miRNA-21-5p（也称为miRNA-21）的表达水平及其与疾病临床病理特征的关系。通过RT-PCR技术测量非编码RNA的表达水平。结果发现，与健康受试者相比，COVID-19 患者中 CASC2 显着下调，而 miRNA-21-5p 显着上调。 CASC2 和 miRNA-21-5p 之间存在显着负相关。 ROC 曲线分析用于区分 COVID-19 患者与对照组。 miRNA-21-p 血清表达水平与温度和 PO2 呈显着正相关（p = 0.04）。这些发现表明 CASC2 和 miRNA-21-p 可能用作 COVID-19 的潜在诊断和治疗生物标志物。