This article analyses how wealthy men and women manipulated citizenship regimes during and after the Habsburg Empire to access the family laws most convenient for their private lives. To do this, I compare migratory divorce practices in pre-1918 Habsburg Hungary and the post-1918 Free State of Fiume. This article shows that while before 1918 it was mercenary actors who utilised legal loopholes between Austrian and Hungarian family laws and citizenship regulations to obtain divorces for the rich, after 1918 it was the impoverished, globally-isolated, mercenary postimperial state that procured the means for rich clients to buy their way out of their own state's family laws, raising questions about the relationship between the early twentieth-century postimperial world of globally dependent European successor states with today's postcolonial ‘golden passport’ system.

本文分析了哈布斯堡帝国期间和之后富有的男人和女人如何操纵公民制度，以获得对其私人生活最方便的家庭法。为此，我比较了 1918 年哈布斯堡王朝之前的匈牙利和 1918 年之后的阜姆自由邦的移民离婚做法。本文表明，在 1918 年之前，是雇佣兵利用奥地利和匈牙利家庭法和公民身份法规之间的法律漏洞为富人离婚，而 1918 年之后，则是贫困、全球孤立的雇佣军国家为富人获取了手段。富有的客户花钱摆脱自己国家的家庭法，这引发了人们对二十世纪初全球依赖的欧洲继承国的后帝国世界与当今后殖民“黄金护照”制度之间关系的质疑。