As a result of natural and anthropogenic eutrophication, shallow lakes ultimately become wetlands. Several aquatic ecosystem values diminish, but some biotic communities may benefit. Lake Lahepera is a very shallow lake filled with sediments and overgrown with macrophytes. It is a former bay and an important spawning ground for fishes of Lake Peipsi, the fourth largest lake in Europe. The main question is, how to reconcile the goals of nature conservation and circular economy – restore and maintain good functioning of the lake ecosystem, preserve habitats for wetland communities, make economic use of sapropel, and renew spawning conditions for fish. The lake has been investigated since the 1950s. Resulting from strong human pressure, especially in the 1970s and 1980s, the accumulated organic sediments and macrophyte overgrowth have diminished the habitat diversity of the lake. Irregular flushing of the lake with Lake Peipsi waters can wash away large amounts of phosphorus. According to the investigations in 2014-15, phosphorus in- and outflow are in balance, but the internal loading is high. A set of possible restoration options with sediment and macrophyte removal methods is proposed and their outcome assessed using the ecosystem service concept. A comparison of possible future scenarios, based ecosystem service values shows that with a balanced combination of different habitat restoration methods it is possible to achieve stable ecological status of the lake. Species diversity, especially that of floating leaved macrophytes, will increase in the lake. At the same time, wetland habitats will retain their values.

中文翻译：

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恢复浅水过度生长的大型植物湖的战略计划

由于自然和人为富营养化，浅湖最终变成湿地。一些水生生态系统的价值会减弱，但一些生物群落可能会受益。拉赫佩拉湖是一个非常浅的湖泊，充满了沉积物并长满了大型植物。它曾经是一个海湾，也是欧洲第四大湖佩西湖鱼类的重要产卵场。主要问题是，如何协调自然保护​​和循环经济的目标——恢复和维持湖泊生态系统的良好运作，保护湿地群落的栖息地，经济利用腐泥，并恢复鱼类的产卵条件。自 20 世纪 50 年代以来，人们就对该湖进行了调查。由于强烈的人类压力，特别是在 20 世纪 70 年代和 80 年代，有机沉积物的积累和水生植物的过度生长减少了湖泊的栖息地多样性。不定期地用北贝湖水冲洗湖泊会冲走大量的磷。据2014-15年调查，磷进出平衡，但内部负荷较高。提出了一系列可能的恢复方案，包括沉积物和大型植物去除方法，并使用生态系统服务概念评估其结果。基于生态系统服务价值的未来可能情景的比较表明，通过不同栖息地恢复方法的平衡组合，可以实现湖泊稳定的生态状态。湖中的物种多样性，特别是浮叶植物的多样性将会增加。与此同时，湿地栖息地将保留其价值。