About one-third of persons with migraine experience transient neurologic symptoms, referred to as aura. Despite its widespread prevalence, comprehensive clinical descriptions of migraine with aura remain sparse. Therefore, we aimed to provide an in-depth phenotypic analysis of aura symptoms and characteristics in a cross-sectional study of a large sample of adults diagnosed with migraine with aura. Data were extracted from the baseline characteristics of participants in the Registry for Migraine (REFORM) study – a single-center, prospective, longitudinal cohort study. Participants were adults diagnosed with migraine aura, reporting ≥ 4 monthly migraine days in the preceding 3 months. Trained personnel conducted in-person semi-structured interviews, capturing details on the nature, duration, localization, and progression of individual aura symptoms. Of the 227 enrolled participants with migraine with aura, the mean age was 41.1 years, with a predominant female representation (n = 205 [90.3%]). Visual aura was present in 215 (94.7%) participants, somatosensory aura in 81 (35.7%), and speech and/or language aura in 31 (13.7%). A single type of aura was observed in 148 (65.2%) participants, whilst 79 (34.8%) reported multiple aura types. Most participants (n = 220 [96.9%]) described their aura symptoms as positive or gradually spreading. Headache in relation to aura was noted by 218 (96.0%) participants, with 177 (80.8%) stating that the onset of aura symptoms preceded the onset of headache. This study offers a detailed clinical depiction of persons with migraine with aura, who were predominantly enrolled from a tertiary care unit. The findings highlight potential gaps in the available literature on migraine with aura and should bolster clinicians’ acumen in diagnosing migraine with aura in clinical settings.

中文翻译：

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先兆偏头痛的临床特征：一项 REFORM 研究

大约三分之一的偏头痛患者会出现短暂的神经症状，称为先兆。尽管其普遍存在，但对先兆偏头痛的全面临床描述仍然很少。因此，我们的目的是在对被诊断为先兆偏头痛的成人大样本进行横断面研究中，对先兆症状和特征进行深入的表型分析。数据是从偏头痛登记 (REFORM) 研究参与者的基线特征中提取的，这是一项单中心、前瞻性、纵向队列研究。参与者是被诊断患有偏头痛先兆的成年人，报告在过去 3 个月内每月偏头痛天数≥4。训练有素的人员进行了面对面的半结构化访谈，捕捉有关个体先兆症状的性质、持续时间、定位和进展的详细信息。在 227 名患有先兆偏头痛的参与者中，平均年龄为 41.1 岁，其中女性占多数（n = 205 [90.3%]）。 215 名（94.7%）参与者存在视觉先兆，81 名（35.7%）参与者存在体感先兆，31 名（13.7%）参与者存在言语和/或语言先兆。 148 名 (65.2%) 参与者观察到单一类型的先兆，而 79 名 (34.8%) 参与者报告了多种先兆类型。大多数参与者（n = 220 [96.9%]）将他们的先兆症状描述为阳性或逐渐扩散。 218 名 (96.0%) 参与者指出与先兆相关的头痛，其中 177 名 (80.8%) 表示先兆症状先于头痛发作。这项研究提供了先兆偏头痛患者的详细临床描述，这些患者主要来自三级医疗机构。这些发现凸显了有关先兆偏头痛的现有文献中的潜在差距，并应提高临床医生在临床环境中诊断先兆偏头痛的敏锐度。