This paper takes the wind turbine of the new energy pumping unit as the study subject, which mainly analyzes realistic wind speed estimation on the windward side of the wind turbine and then proposes a wind turbine speed control method based on wind speed estimation. The support vector regression (SVR) model is built first in this study, and the parameters of the SVR model are optimized by the particle swarm algorithm. The SVR II wind speed prediction model is constructed and the working characteristic curve of the wind turbine is generated by gathering wind speed and output power data from the wind turbine at the assigned test location. The prediction model can compensate for the disturbance of system inertia and make the output wind speed more accurate. The effective wind speed acting on the turbine surface can be obtained by substituting the predicted wind speed into the optimal blade tip velocity ratio equation. Suppose the wind turbine is in maximum power tracking control. In that case, the optimal speed can be given directly by the model SCR III, and the speed can be tracked in real-time by the controller to accomplish the largest wind power capture. The optimal speed tracking control uses the calculated effective wind speed if the wind turbine is under constant power output control. In this paper, 14,000 sets of characteristic samples were extracted within the range of wind speed variation of 4–20$$m/s, and model verification was carried out for models SVR-I, SVR-II and SVR-III. Finally, the predicted effective wind speed value and the actual value are within ±0.3$$m/s of each other. In practical engineering applications, the forecasted effective wind speed value can entirely substitute the actual value. This work put forward a maximum power tracking control approach that can satisfy new energy pumping units’ energy conservation needs.

本文以新能源抽油机风力发电机组为研究对象，主要分析了风力发电机组迎风面的实际风速估计，提出了一种基于风速估计的风力发电机组转速控制方法。本研究首先建立支持向量回归（SVR）模型，并利用粒子群算法对SVR模型的参数进行优化。通过采集指定测试地点风电机组的风速和输出功率数据，构建SVR II风速预测模型，生成风电机组工作特性曲线。该预测模型可以补偿系统惯性的扰动，使输出风速更加准确。将预测风速代入最优叶尖速比方程即可得到作用于涡轮机表面的有效风速。假设风力发电机处于最大功率跟踪控制。此时，最优风速可由模型SCR III直接给出，控制器可实时跟踪风速，实现最大风电捕获。如果风力发电机处于恒功率输出控制下，则最佳速度跟踪控制使用计算出的有效风速。本文在风速变化范围4~20范围内提取了14000组特征样本。$$m/s，并对SVR-I、SVR-II、SVR-III型号进行了模型验证。最终预测有效风速值与实际值在±0.3以内$$彼此的米/秒。在实际工程应用中，预测的有效风速值完全可以替代实际值。本文提出了一种满足新能源抽油机节能需求的最大功率跟踪控制方法。