The surge in technology is driving demands for real-time interactive applications and high-speed transmissions, necessitating improved network throughput and energy efficiency (EE) for immersive experiences. The rise in industrial automation has led to higher connectivity needs, straining fifth-generation networks. Sixth-generation networks aim to address these demands, potentially maximizing throughput and EE through enhanced coverage. This paper introduces innovative techniques like phone user clustering-based downlink hybrid multiple access in unmanned aerial vehicle-assisted heterogeneous networks (HetNets) to jointly optimize phone user (PU) admission, cell association, throughput, and EE while ensuring PU fair association with cell (PUFAC) and quality of service (QoS), i.e., minimum rate requirement of PUs. An outer approximation algorithm solves the mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP) optimization problem arising from the transformation of the concave fractional programming optimization problem using the Charnes-Cooper transformation. The method’s effectiveness is assessed, showcasing its superiority over existing macro-cell-only networks and HetNets concerning throughput, EE, PU admission, PU-cell association, PUFAC, and QoS.

技术的激增推动了对实时交互应用和高速传输的需求，需要提高网络吞吐量和能源效率 (EE) 来实现沉浸式体验。工业自动化的兴起导致了更高的连接需求，给第五代网络带来了压力。第六代网络旨在满足这些需求，通过增强覆盖范围来最大限度地提高吞吐量和 EE。本文介绍了无人机辅助异构网络（HetNet）中基于电话用户聚类的下行链路混合多址等创新技术，以联合优化电话用户（PU）准入、小区关联、吞吐量和EE，同时确保PU与小区公平关联(PUFAC)和服务质量(QoS)，即PU的最低速率要求。外近似算法解决了使用 Charnes-Cooper 变换对凹分数规划优化问题进行变换而产生的混合整数非线性规划 (MINLP) 优化问题。该方法的有效性经过评估，显示了其在吞吐量、EE、PU 准入、PU 小区关联、PUFAC 和 QoS 方面相对于现有仅宏小区网络和 HetNet 的优越性。