Calling males of Anastrepha obliqua release volatile compounds to attract conspecific males to form leks and females to mate. Male volatiles from Mexican and Brazilian populations of A. obliqua have been previously identified. However, there are differences in the number and identity of volatile compounds between the populations. These differences in volatile profiles may be due to male origin (e.g. wild or mass-reared flies) or methodological issues (e.g. sampling techniques). In this study, we evaluated the attractiveness of wild, laboratory non-irradiated, and laboratory-irradiated flies under semi-field conditions. Male volatiles were collected using dynamic headspace sampling (DHS) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) techniques, and identified using gas chromatography-coupled mass spectrometry. The results showed no difference in the attractiveness of wild, laboratory non-irradiated, and irradiated males to females. However, the number of captured females differed according to the origin; wild and non-irradiated females were captured more frequently than the irradiated flies. A total of 21 compounds were found using SPME, whereas only 12 were collected using DHS, although the relative amounts of these compounds were higher than those obtained using the former sampling technique. In addition, only laboratory non-irradiated males released α-pinene and menthol, which have not been previously reported in this fruit fly species. Additionally, we identified novel compounds in A. obliqua; however, certain compounds previously reported were not detected. This study suggests that despite the qualitative and quantitative variations in the volatile profiles of A. obliqua males, their attractiveness was unaffected.

中文翻译：

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饲养和 60Co 辐射不会影响吸引力，但会改变按蚊释放的挥发性成分

称呼男性为斜生按实蝇释放挥发性化合物来吸引同种雄性形成leks和雌性进行交配。墨西哥和巴西种群的雄性挥发物A。斜角之前已被识别。然而，不同人群之间挥发性化合物的数量和特性存在差异。挥发性成分的这些差异可能是由于雄性起源（例如野生或大规模饲养的苍蝇）或方法问题（例如采样技术）造成的。在这项研究中，我们评估了半野外条件下野生、实验室未辐射和实验室辐射苍蝇的吸引力。使用动态顶空进样（DHS）和固相微萃取（SPME）技术收集雄性挥发物，并使用气相色谱-质谱联用技术进行鉴定。结果显示，野生、实验室未受辐射和受辐射雄性对雌性的吸引力没有差异。然而，捕获的雌性数量因来源而异；野生和未受辐射的雌性苍蝇比受辐射的苍蝇更容易被捕获。使用 SPME 总共发现了 21 种化合物，而使用 DHS 只收集了 12 种化合物，尽管这些化合物的相对含量高于使用前一种采样技术获得的化合物。此外，只有实验室未受辐射的雄性才会释放α-蒎烯和薄荷醇，这在该果蝇物种中以前从未有过报道。此外，我们还发现了新的化合物A。斜角; 然而，之前报道的某些化合物并未检测到。这项研究表明，尽管挥发性成分存在定性和定量变化A。斜角男性，他们的吸引力不受影响。