The author reveals that the power pattern for a particular selected rotating spherical electric current density profile exhibits the following two properties simultaneously: (a) fully omnidirectional in three dimensions (3-D) and (b) invariant with regards to radio frequency (RF). Specifically, most known antenna designs exhibit either nodal lines or planes for at least some RF frequencies. In contrast, the primary innovation of the subject rotating electric current sphere is that it generates a power pattern that is characterised by no nodal lines nor nodal planes for any RF frequency. In the present analysis, the electro-magnetic (EM) fields are calculated as an exact solution of Maxwell's equations for the subject electric current density that rotates azimuthally on a spherical surface. As expected, the spatial structure of the resulting EM fields also rotates azimuthally. More surprisingly, this rotating electric current density generates pure magnetic dipole radiation exactly, with the absence of any higher order multipole moments. This proposed antenna concept could offer utility in various applications, including communications beaconing and radar surveillance.

中文翻译：

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通过精确麦克斯韦解使用旋转电流球的三维全向功率模式

作者揭示，特定选定的旋转球形电流密度分布的功率模式同时表现出以下两个特性：(a) 三维 (3-D) 完全全向，(b) 射频 (RF) 不变。具体而言，大多数已知的天线设计对于至少一些RF频率表现出节点线或平面。相比之下，主题旋转电流球的主要创新在于它生成的功率模式的特征是对于任何射频频率都没有节点线或节点平面。在本分析中，电磁 (EM) 场被计算为在球面上方位角旋转的目标电流密度的麦克斯韦方程组的精确解。正如预期的那样，产生的电磁场的空间结构也会发生方位角旋转。更令人惊讶的是，这种旋转电流密度精确地产生纯磁偶极子辐射，不存在任何高阶多极矩。这种提出的天线概念可以在各种应用中提供实用性，包括通信信标和雷达监视。